摘 要GCPS—20 型鉆機(jī)是一種復(fù)合式多功能鉆機(jī),為適應(yīng)我國(guó)深基礎(chǔ)工程和連續(xù)墻以及水利工程、橋梁工程的發(fā)展與需要,結(jié)合大口徑鉆機(jī)灌注樁和地下連續(xù)墻施工的特點(diǎn),為解決在復(fù)雜地層、硬巖中成孔而研制,特別卵石層、基石、漂石層能大幅度提高施工效率,在各種成孔方法中是比較經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的方法。鉆機(jī)是集回轉(zhuǎn)、沖擊鉆進(jìn)工藝于一體的多功能復(fù)合型鉆機(jī),用轉(zhuǎn)盤回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)時(shí)可用于第四世紀(jì)覆蓋層,沖擊鉆進(jìn)時(shí)可用于卵石、灰?guī)r、花崗巖等硬巖地層。本鉆機(jī)的特點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,緊湊,而且各種操作手柄布置合理,操作簡(jiǎn)單,便于使用與維護(hù)。關(guān)鍵詞: 沖擊鉆進(jìn) 變速箱 減速器 轉(zhuǎn)盤 AbstractThe types GCPS-20 drill the machine is a kind of compound type multi-function drill the machine, in order to adapt the our country development and demands of the deep foundation and consecution wall and marine hydraulic engineering, the bridge engineering, combine the big caliber to drill the machine to infuse to note the stake and the characteristics of underground continuous wall construction, in order to solve to become the bore but research to manufacture in complicated geologic strata, hard rock, significant exaltation of ability of special egg stone layer, sill, the stone layer construction efficiency, is a more economic valid method in variously become the bore method.Drill the machine is to gather the turn-over and pound at to drill into the craft in the integral whole of multi-function and compound type drill the machine, can used for to overlay the layer the fourth century while using to turn the dish turn-over to drill into, can used for the hard rock geologic strata of egg stone, ash rock, granite...etc. while pounding at to drill into.Drill the characteristics of the machine originally is a structure simple, tightly packed, and various operation hand handle arrange reasonable, operate in brief, easy to usage and support.Keyword:The impact drill into Become soon box Deceleratethe machine Turn the dish第 6 章 轉(zhuǎn) 盤 的 計(jì) 算6.1 轉(zhuǎn) 盤 輸 出 轉(zhuǎn) 速轉(zhuǎn)盤輸出轉(zhuǎn)速(r/min): 13、17、21、26、42、52輸入轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速 (r/min): 65、85、105、130、210、260轉(zhuǎn)盤用于驅(qū)動(dòng)主動(dòng)鉆桿及鉆具回轉(zhuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)盤系一級(jí)圓錐齒輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu),通過(guò)大錐齒、轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)、大、小補(bǔ)心驅(qū)動(dòng)鉆桿工作。6.2 大、小 錐 齒 輪 計(jì) 算 6.2.1 初步計(jì)算 (1)按齒面接觸強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 由設(shè)計(jì)公式 得13195eHPKTdu????式中: 載荷系數(shù) K= 1.5 齒數(shù)比 5?轉(zhuǎn)矩: 1080.76TNmn??估算時(shí)的齒輪許用接觸應(yīng)力 22lim3/1/.HPNS????估算結(jié)果 312.580.7934.edm???(2)按齒根抗彎強(qiáng)度計(jì)算由式 得:132FSePKTYmZu???式中 K——載荷系數(shù) 取 K=1.5 ——復(fù)合齒形系數(shù) 取 = 4.6 FS FSY——小齒輪齒數(shù) =181Z1Z ——齒輪許用彎曲應(yīng)力 FP??= ?FES式中 ——抗彎強(qiáng)度 =600FE?FE?2/Nm——抗彎強(qiáng)度的安全系數(shù) =1.8? FS?=FP? 2603./1.8?計(jì)算 321.580.749.emm???取 =16 mme(3)齒輪齒數(shù) =1Z?ed?234.1.652?取 =1816.2.2 幾何計(jì)算(1) 齒數(shù) =18 1Z=5×18=90 2u??(2) 分錐角 = =11.3°1?12arctnZ2190.378.???????(3) 大端模數(shù) 6em(4) 分度圓直徑 = =16×18=288 mm1de1Z= =16×90=1440 mm22(5) 外錐距 = 734.88 mm1sinedR??(6) 齒寬系數(shù) 取 =0.3R?b = =220.464 mmde取 b=200 mm實(shí)際齒寬系數(shù) 20.734.8Reb???(7) 中點(diǎn)模數(shù) = (1-0.5 )=13.8 mmmR中點(diǎn)分度圓直徑 = =248.8 mm1d(0.5)??=1244.2 mm2mR?(8) 切向變位系數(shù) =0 =01txt高變位系數(shù) =0 =02(9) 頂隙 0.2×16 =3.2 mm (GB12369-1990)ec???(10)大端齒頂高 mm =16 mm11()6aehxm??2ah大端齒根高 mm(0.)19.fc?????mm22()f ex?全齒高 h= =35.2 mmecm??齒根角 11 9.artnarct1.47738ffehR???22 .2rctrt.ffe??齒頂角 = =1.497° = 1.497°1a?2f 21af??(11) 頂錐角 1.3497.a??????228.80a???根錐角 11.3ff??????227.4972ff?????(12) 大端齒頂圓直徑 112cos8216cos.319.8aeadh m????????mm24.3(13) 冠頂距 2110sin16sin.716.8kadAh????????????1228ii78.2.3ka m?(14)大端分度圓弧齒厚 111tan620tan5.12etsmx m??????????????????????215.e??(15) 大端分度圓弦齒厚 mm2 211 5.1. .668ssd??????????????????22.??(16) 當(dāng)量齒數(shù) 181.37cos.vz??29046.9.vz?當(dāng)量齒輪分度圓直徑 221 5148.3.7vmud m????????????22153.76.vV?當(dāng)量齒輪頂圓直徑1.1285.73vaadh????26346m?當(dāng)量齒輪根圓直徑 vb1dcos20(53.7cos20)38.4m???? ?264596071? ?當(dāng)量齒輪傳動(dòng)中心距??12(53.7.2)38.4vvad????當(dāng)量齒輪基圓齒距cos.416cos0.1vbmp m????(17)嚙合線長(zhǎng)度??2212invavabvavbvtgdd??????21285.73.46375.960.71398.4sin20avb??= 1199.10 - 1128.15 = 70.95 mm(18) 端面重合度 ..vabgp??(19) 齒中部接觸線長(zhǎng)度 2120.518.6vabml m??????齒中部接觸線的投影長(zhǎng)度8.56bml?6.3 錐齒輪齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度校核6.3.1 計(jì)算公式 211AVHtHMBHELSKHPmbKFuZZdl???? ???? ?式中 中點(diǎn)分度圓上的切向力 12080.76495.2tmTN???——使用系數(shù) =2.25 AKAK——?jiǎng)虞d系數(shù) 由 7 級(jí)精度和中點(diǎn)節(jié)線速度V取 =1.1 1.059/6mdns????V ——齒向載荷分布系數(shù) 取 =1.2 HK? HeK?有效工作齒寬 取 =1.5 =1.8 0.85eb?He?——端面載荷系數(shù) H?//64957./234.79/10/tetFbNmN???取 =1HK?——節(jié)點(diǎn)區(qū)域系數(shù) =2.5ZHZ——中點(diǎn)區(qū)域系數(shù) MB?22112tan1vtvaabVvbVddFFZZ??????????????????????????????式中 參數(shù) =2 1F??2.5.04?2 21tan8.736375.1.0448.90639MBZ??????????????????????????????=1.123——彈性系數(shù) =189.8 EZEZ2N/m——螺旋角系數(shù) 直齒輪 =1? ?——錐齒輪系數(shù) =0.8KK——載荷分配系數(shù) =1LSZLSZ計(jì)算接觸應(yīng)力 22.51.864957.1.3.5189.0.H??????204./Nm6.3.2 許用接觸應(yīng)力 limnHPNLVRXWZS??式中 ——實(shí)驗(yàn)齒輪的接觸疲勞極限 =1300 li limH?2/N——壽命系數(shù) =1 NZNZ——潤(rùn)滑油影響系數(shù) =0.95 LVR LVR——工作硬化系數(shù) =1WW——尺寸系數(shù) =1XZXZ——最小安全系數(shù) =1.1minHSminHS許用接觸應(yīng)力值2130.9517./.P N????6.3.3 齒面接觸強(qiáng)度校核結(jié)果;22104.5/17./HHPNmNm?????通過(guò)。6.4 齒根抗彎疲勞強(qiáng)度校核6.4.1 計(jì)算公式 AVFtFFSKLFPnmKYb???????式中 ——復(fù)合齒形系數(shù) SY14.8F?24.83FS?——重合度系數(shù) ?0.57/0.57/1.20.4vaY????——錐齒輪系數(shù) K =1.0322118.560441.bmKlY?????????????????——載荷分配系數(shù) LS 2LSYZ齒根彎曲應(yīng)力計(jì)算值 212.501.864957.80.751360./3F Nm?????2221../2FSYNm?6.4.2 齒根許用彎曲應(yīng)力 minFEPNTrelRlTXYS???式中 ——齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度基本值 FE 260/FENm??——壽命系數(shù) =1NTYTY——相對(duì)齒根圓角敏感系數(shù) =1rel? rel?——相對(duì)齒根表面狀況系數(shù) =1RrlT RrlT——尺寸系數(shù) XY12XY?——最小安全系數(shù) =1.4minFS minFS許用彎曲應(yīng)力值 260148.57/.4FPN????6.4.3 齒根彎曲強(qiáng)度校核結(jié)果2 212360./48.57/8FFPNmmN?????齒輪安全,可用。6.5 轉(zhuǎn) 盤 軸 結(jié) 構(gòu) 計(jì) 算選擇軸的材料為 45 鋼,經(jīng)調(diào)質(zhì)處理,材料力學(xué)性能數(shù)據(jù)為:抗拉強(qiáng)度為 屈服點(diǎn)650bMPa??360sMPa??彎曲疲勞極限 扭轉(zhuǎn)疲勞極限127? 15??許用靜應(yīng)力 ???許用疲勞應(yīng)力 180Pa???:軸的最小直徑為 3minindA??式中 A——按 定的系數(shù) 取 A= 100???P——功率 P=55 KW——最小轉(zhuǎn)速 =65 r/min min min計(jì)算得 3in5104.06d????取最小軸徑為 min軸的結(jié)構(gòu)如圖:第 7 章 鉆機(jī)其余部分零件的選擇7.1 聯(lián)軸器的選擇減速器與轉(zhuǎn)盤之間用萬(wàn)向節(jié)聯(lián)軸器連接,由減速器輸出的最小轉(zhuǎn)速為,傳遞的功率為 55KW,計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)矩為:65/minrin90580.76PTNm????聯(lián)軸器的計(jì)算功率:CnhanKT????式中 ——聯(lián)軸器轉(zhuǎn)速系數(shù) =1.25nK——軸承壽命系數(shù) =1.8h 3510?h——聯(lián)軸器的軸間角系數(shù) =1.5K? ?——載荷性質(zhì)系數(shù) =1.3a aK計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)矩 80.7125.81.327.CTNm?????查取, 選擇聯(lián)軸器為: 0/491)SWPGJBT?型 (7.2 減速器齒輪安排如表 7.2——1齒數(shù) 模數(shù) m1Z2 4 623 2 632 1 64Z3 5 65Z2 0 663 0 6表 7.2——1降速比: 135824i??2.7輸入轉(zhuǎn)速為(r/min):167、261、519輸出轉(zhuǎn)速為(r/min):65、85、105、130、210、260各軸轉(zhuǎn)速為,如表 7.2——2二 軸 三 軸輸入轉(zhuǎn)速(r/min)一 軸傳動(dòng)比 轉(zhuǎn)速(r/min )傳動(dòng)比 轉(zhuǎn)速(r/min)12.3Z?127.5 85167 167 34.797.5 6512.Z?195 130261 261 34.7157.5 105519 51912.Z?390 561.Z?260341.7Z?315 210表 7.2——2