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2019-2020年中考英語 語法專題突破 專題十四 復(fù)合句 人教新目標(biāo)版 考查點(diǎn) 年份 題號 考查角度 選項(xiàng)設(shè)置 分值 賓語從句 xx 40 how they are playing/what__they__are__doing /where they are going/why they are practicing 1分 xx 45 引導(dǎo)詞和語意 where you buy the tickets/why you like to go there/if__youd__like__to__e__along/when you watch the match 1分 xx 44 xx 45 引導(dǎo)詞和時態(tài) what it is/what it was/where__it__is/where it was 1分 what__they__say/what they said/which they say/which they said 1分 2011 45 時態(tài)和語序 when__she__will__e__back/when she came back/when will she e back/when did she e back 1分 定語從句 2011 43 who指代人 who/whom/whose/which 1分 賓語 從句 構(gòu)成規(guī)則 例句 連接詞 1.that在從句中作賓語時可以省略；作主語時不能省略 2．what，when，where，how，whatever，whenever，wherever，who，whom，whose等特殊疑問詞作連接詞 3．當(dāng)賓語從句由一般疑問句變化而來時，連接詞用whether或if，表示“是否” Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia？你能告訴我澳大利亞冬天下雪嗎？ Please tell me how you go to school.請告訴我你怎樣去學(xué)校的。 語序 從句一律用陳述語序，即主語＋謂語 Do you know where Tom lives？你知道湯姆住哪兒嗎？ 時態(tài) 1.主句是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用相應(yīng)時態(tài) I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我聽說喬昨天去北京了。 I hear Joe will leave for Beijing.我聽說喬要去北京了。 2.主句是過去時，從句使用過去時的某種形式 Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凱特說昨天這個時間她在看電視。 Kate said she was going to school soon.凱特說她馬上去學(xué)校。 3.從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時，不管主句使用什么時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時 Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。 狀語從句 的分類 從句的引導(dǎo)詞 例句 時間狀 語從句 when/while/as(當(dāng)……時)，before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(自從)，not…until(直到……才)，as soon as(一……就) I was doing my homework when my mother came in.當(dāng)我媽媽進(jìn)來的時候，我正在寫作業(yè)。 He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回來他才去睡覺。 條件狀 語從句 if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非) Unless bad weather stops me，I go for a walk every day.我每天都會去散步，除非遇上壞天氣。 原因狀 語從句 because(因?yàn)?，since(既然)，as(由于) I like to eat apples because its good for my health.我喜歡吃蘋果，因?yàn)樗鼘ξ业慕】涤幸妗? Since everyone is here，lets begin our meeting.既然每個人都在這兒，我們開始開會吧。 目的狀 語從句 so that(以便，為了)，in order that(為了) He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得都很早，以便能趕上公交車。 結(jié)果狀 語從句 so that(結(jié)果是)，so…that/such…that(如此……以至于) Its so hot that nobody wants to go out.天太熱，以至于沒人想出去。 讓步狀 語從句 though/although(盡管，雖然)，even if(即使)，whatever(無論什么)，wherever(無論哪里)，whenever(無論何時) Wherever you go，I will go with you.無論你去哪兒，我都跟著你。 Whenever you e，I will wait for you.無論你什么時候來，我都會等你。 比較狀 語從句 than(比……)，as…as(和……一樣)，not as/so…as(不如……) He is as tall as Tom.他和湯姆一樣高。 地點(diǎn)狀 語從句 where(……的地方)，wherever(無論哪里) Sit wherever you like.請隨便坐。 C．them D．that (　　)2.The designers ________ helped us build the library are from the UK. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose (　　)3.The school and teachers ________ he loves so much often e into his dreams. A．that B．who C．which D．whom (　　)4.I will never forget the days during ________ I lived with my closest friend. A．that B．which C．who D．when (　　)5.That is the girl from ________ you borrowed the book yesterday. A．whom B．whose C．that D．who 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 關(guān)系詞 功能 先行詞 例句 that， who 主語、賓 語、表語 whom， that 賓語 人、物 Do you know the girl who/that often es here？你認(rèn)識經(jīng)常來這兒的那個女孩嗎？ Hes the boy(whom/that) I talked with just now.他就是剛才和我說話的男孩。 that， which 主語、 賓語、 表語 事、物 A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解釋單詞意思的書。 時間 Ill never forget the days(that/which) we spent together.我將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們一起度過的日子。 地點(diǎn) The school(that/which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我們參觀的那個學(xué)校是上海的一所名校。 注意：定語從句中引導(dǎo)詞只能用that的情況： (1)當(dāng)先行詞為anything，everything，nothing等不定代詞時，只能使用“that”。如： Is there anything that I can do for you？我能為你做點(diǎn)什么嗎？ (2)當(dāng)先行詞為all，any，much，many等詞時，只能使用“that”。如： Tom told her mother all that had happened.湯姆把事情的全部情況告訴了他的媽媽。 (3)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時，只能使用“that”。如： This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.這是我度過的最美好的時光。 (4)當(dāng)先行詞是被序數(shù)詞修飾時，只能使用“that”。如： He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個通過考試的人。 (5)當(dāng)先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last修飾時，只能使用“that”。如： This will be the last chance that he can get.這將會是他可以得到的最后一次機(jī)會。 He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能幫你的人。 (6)先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能使用“that”。如： They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他們談?wù)撍麄冇浀玫挠嘘P(guān)學(xué)校的事和人。 (7)當(dāng)主句是以who，which開頭的特殊疑問句或先行詞是who時，只能使用“that”。如： Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday？哪本書是他昨天從圖書館借的？ 河北中考考點(diǎn)精練 (　　)1.(xx雅安中考)If Nick ________ home too late，he ________ his favorite cartoon. A．gets；misses B．gets；will miss C．will get；misses D．will get；will miss (　　)2.(xx孝感中考)Chinas Got Talent is ________ interesting ________ many people like watching it. A．too；to　　　　B．enough；to C．so；that D．such；that (　　)3.(xx保定8中模擬)The woman ________ is the most important in my life is my mother. A．which B．who C．whom D．what (　　)4.(xx德州中考)—I wonder ________. —Yes，of course. A．where we can buy the parts B．how often you hear from your sister C．if I may have a word with you D．why he arrived late yesterday (　　)5.(xx南京中考)—I saw David in the teachers office this morning.Do you know ________ he was there? —He went there to hand in his homework. A．how B．whether C．when D．why (　　)6.(xx廣安中考)—Im sorry Im late. —Could you tell me ________？ A．why you are late again B．why are you late again C．what were you doing D．who did you talk with (　　)7.(xx泰安中考)—Why are you so worried? —Ive lost the watch________ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．whom B．who C．whose D．which (　　)8.(xx唐山9中模擬)—What did he ask just now? —He wondered ________. A．if they would meet at the school gate B．when would they start C．that they would take some food D．how they will get there (　　)9.(xx溫州中考)—Ms.Perry，can you tell me ________？—Africa. A．what the baby giraffe likes eating B．why the baby giraffe looks unhappy B．when the baby giraffe was born D．where the baby giraffe came from (　　)10.(xx廣州中考)Could you tell me ________ a moment ago? A．what were they talking about B．what are they talking about C．what they were talking about D．what they are talking about (　　)11.(xx濱州中考)—Im going to buy a car.Any advice，Charlie? —Well，it depends on ________.If money isnt a problem，you can buy a BMW. A．when will you buy one B．what color do you like C．how much you can afford D．where you are driving (　　)12.(xx泰安中考)—Could you please tell me ________ you will go to Hong Kong on business? —Sure.I prefer to take a plane. A．whether B．why C．when D．how (　　)13.(xx重慶中考)—Id like to know ________. —Maybe in the forest. A．whether we will go camping B．where we will go camping C．whether will we go camping D．where will we go camping (　　)14.(xx濰坊中考)I wonder________ the idea to Daming.He still looks angry. A．if have you mentioned B．what have you mentioned C．if you have mentioned D．what you have mentioned (　　)15.(xx貴港中考)Youll do much better in your exam ________ youre more careful with your spelling. A．if B．a(chǎn)lthough C．unless D．whether (　　)16.(xx連云港中考)—Do you know________ Deng Chao is? —He is an actor.He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now. A．which B．when C．what D．how (　　)17.(xx臨沂中考)The police wondered ________. A．whose handbag it is B．whose handbag it was C．whose handbag is it D．whose handbag was it (　　)18.(xx內(nèi)江中考)Excuse me.Could you please tell me ________？ A．how get to the Pacific Cinema B．how I got to Pacific Cinema C．how I can get to the Pacific Cinema D．how should I get to the Pacific Cinema (　　)19.(xx資陽中考)—Excuse me，madam.Could you please tell me ________ the bus arrives? —Sure.At 9：00. A．where B．when C．why D．how (　　)20.(xx鹽城中考)In the U．K.，a lady usually doesnt like to be asked ________. A．whether has she got married B．how old is she C．where she es from D．how much she weighs