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2019年高考英語二輪復(fù)習 1-5 形容詞、副詞提能專訓(xùn) Ⅰ.單句語法填空(形容詞、副詞) 1．My bicycle is not as ________(rely) as it used to be, for the chain often locks on my way to school. 答案：reliable　解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：我的自行車沒有以前那么靠得住了，因為在上學(xué)途中車鏈經(jīng)常卡住。reliable意為“可依靠的，可信賴的”。 2．—What are these housewives talking about? —They are discussing whether men are actually ________ to housework or just too lazy.(relevant, allergic, native, accessible) 答案：allergic　解析：考查形容詞辨析。答語意為：她們在談?wù)撃腥司烤故钦娴挠憛捵黾覄?wù)還是僅僅是他們太懶惰。be allergic to表示“對……反感”，符合句意。relevant表示“有關(guān)的”；native表示“當?shù)氐摹?；accessible表示“易進入的”。 3．It is evident that there is a(n) ________ increase in the ability of the students to express themselves under your careful instruction these days.(abundant, particular, accessible, definite) 答案：definite　解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：很顯然，在你這些天的細心指導(dǎo)下，學(xué)生的自我表達能力有了一定的提高。definite“一定的”，符合句意。abundant大量的，充裕的；particular特別的；accessible容易理解的，可到達的。 4．Her husbands birthday is ing. After a long thought, she plans to buy a ________ wallet for him.(black leather small, small black leather, small leather black, black small leather) 答案：small black leather　解析：考查形容詞的排序。句意：她丈夫的生日快要到了。經(jīng)過長時間的考慮，她打算為他買個黑色的小皮夾。根據(jù)多個形容詞作定語修飾同一名詞的排列規(guī)律“限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老，顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠”可知應(yīng)選small black leather。 5．As Britains first and only female Prime Minister, Thatcher was famous for her ________ style, and thus she was called the “Iron Lady”．(constant, tough, rough, mild) 答案：tough　解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：作為英國的第一位也是唯一一位女首相，撒切爾以其強硬的風格而著稱，因此她被稱為“鐵娘子”。constant始終如一的，持續(xù)不斷的；tough強硬的；rough粗糙的，艱苦的；mild溫和的。 6．—Do you like Marys new hairstyle? —Perfect! How much ________(good) she looks with the curly short hair! 答案：better　解析：考查形容詞的比較級。句意：——你喜歡瑪麗的新發(fā)型嗎？——很棒！她一頭卷曲的短發(fā)看上去好看多了。根據(jù)語境可知，瑪麗現(xiàn)在的發(fā)型比以前的好看多了，故用比較級better。 7．With the word “PM2.5”________ appearing in media reports, people pay greater attention to it and seek health tips for smoggy days.(constantly, instantly, rarely, directly) 答案：constantly　解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：隨著“PM2.5”這個詞頻繁出現(xiàn)在媒體的報道中，人們更加關(guān)注這個詞，并尋找應(yīng)對煙霧天氣的健康建議。constantly經(jīng)常地，不斷地；instantly立刻；rarely罕見地；directly直接地。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選constantly。 8．I cant tell you how much the precious painting is worth, but it is ________(rough) assessed at $100 million. 答案：rough　解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：我沒法告訴你這幅珍貴的畫值多少錢，但是它大致可估價1億美元。roughly“大約，大致”。 9．People say Daniel is reliable and honest; ________， I dont feel I can trust him.(instead, otherwise, somehow, though) 答案：somehow　解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：人們都說丹尼爾誠實可靠，可我覺得就是不能相信他。somehow“不知怎么地，以某種方式”，符合句意。instead相反，而不是；otherwise否則；though不過。注意：though作副詞時，通常放在句中或句尾表示“不過，可是”。 10．When the policeman stopped us, we all looked questioningly at him, ________.(nervously and puzzled, nervous and puzzling, nervous and puzzled, nervously and puzzling) 答案：nervous and puzzled　解析：考查形容詞作狀語。此處為形容詞作狀語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。 11．Cakes of this kind usually taste even ________(good) if they are heated for 5 to 8 seconds in the microwave. 答案：better　解析：考查形容詞的比較等級。句意：如果這種類型的蛋糕放在微波爐里加熱5到8秒鐘，通常會更好吃。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示出較，故用形容詞或者副詞的比較級better。 12．In less developed countries the primary problem is providing________employment for the rapidly expanding urban populations.(sufficient, essential, alternative, convenient) 答案：sufficient　解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：欠發(fā)達國家的首要問題是為快速膨脹的城市人口提供足夠多的就業(yè)機會。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選sufficient，表示“足夠的，充足的”。 13．Seeing the coach nodding ________(encourage) to her, the little dancer was no more nervous and went on with her performance. 答案：encouragingly　解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：看到教練鼓勵地向她點頭，小舞者不再緊張，繼續(xù)表演。encouragingly“鼓勵地”。 14．I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is ________ than John.(more efficiently a worker, a more efficient worker, more an efficient worker, a worker more efficiently) 答案：a more efficient worker　解析：考查了在含有than的比較級中名詞的位置，即a/an＋比較級＋名詞。 15．Mike was usually so careful，________ this time he made a small mistake.(yet, still, even, thus) 答案：yet　解析：句意：麥克通常很認真的，然而(yet)這次他犯了個小錯誤。still仍然；even甚至；thus因此，均不符合語境，故排除。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解(史地人文類＋科普研究類＋議論說理類) A With its 775 rooms, Buckingham Palace makes regular houses look tiny. Now home to Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ， its been the British Monarchys official London digs since 1837. National Geographic Kids slipped behind the guarded gates to find the palaces coolest features. 1. FANCY FEAST For special dinners, a team of 21 chefs whips_up dishes that are served on solid gold plates. Even Her Majestys pet dogs receive meals of lamb and cabbage in silver bowls. Good thing the kitchen is well stocked—the Queen weles about 50,000 dining guests every year. 2. CLASSY COACH The Queens most attractive ride may be the Gold State Coach, parked in the palaces Royal Mews building and used in the crowning of a king or queen, since 1821. Covered with heavy gold, its pulled by eight horses. 3. MOVIE NIGHT The royal family hosts private screenings of movies in their very own cinema, sometimes seeing new films before they hit theaters. 4. WHATS UP, DOC? Forget a medicine cabinet(藥品柜). Buckingham Palace houses a doctor s office run by the Queens physician. And surgeons have even performed operations in other parts of the palace. In 1902, for instance, doctors operated on King Edward Ⅶ in a room facing the garden. 5. BEDROOMS The palace has 52 bedrooms. Rooms such as those inside the Belgian Suite contain chandeliers (枝形吊燈), goldgilded mirrors, fireplaces, canopy beds, and more. 6. TOPSECRET TUNNELS Rumor has it that secret underground tunnels connect the royal residence to other buildings in London. The paths were reportedly built during World War Ⅱ when enemy bombs regularly pounded the city. Weaving deep under Londons busy streets, the tunnels would have provided the royals safe passage during an attack. But even now officials wont reveal much about these undertheradar routes. 1. The underlined part “whips up” probably means ________. A. enjoys B. selects C. cleans D. cooks 2. According to the text, in Buckingham Palace ________. A. there are eight horses altogether B. stocks of food in the kitchen hardly run low C. the Queens pet dogs are fed with simple meals D. theres no suitable place to perform operations 3. What do we know about the tunnels in Buckingham Palace? A. They are not wellprotected. B. They were heavily bombed. C. They are not open to the public. D. They are linked with other cities in Britain. 答案： 【語篇解讀】　本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了有關(guān)白金漢宮的一些趣聞。 1. D　解析：詞義猜測題。由后接的從句that are served on solid gold plates可知，前面應(yīng)該是“烹調(diào)”的意思。 2. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。由FANCY FEAST部分的Good thing the kitchen is well stocked—the Queen weles about 50,000 dining guests every year可知，白金漢宮的廚房食物儲備充足。 3. C　解析：推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的But even now officials wont reveal much about these undertheradar routes可知，這些地下通道是不對公眾開放的。 B (xx哈爾濱第三中學(xué)模考) Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners. One study involved sixtyeight healthy young women and men who ran at least twentyfour kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步機). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤腳的)． Researchers from the JKM Technologies pany in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study. They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine. The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It pared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland. They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running. Runners who wear shoes usually e down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heels. Harvards Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to e down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings. But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured. The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard website. 4. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Walking in high heels could have fewer serious effects than running barefoot. B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels. C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners. D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases. 5. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes? A. Toes. B. Hips. C. Feet. D. Legs. 6. What can we learn from the passage? A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel. B. We should start running barefoot in no time. C. Running in modern running shoes could have more serious effects than running in high heels. D. We wont be injured if we run barefoot. 7. What is the writers attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes? A. Persuasive. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Supportive. 答案： 【語篇解讀】　兩項新的研究表明，穿著跑鞋跑步會增加跑步者受傷的風險，赤腳跑步反而可以避免這些損傷。 4. D　解析：主旨大意題。由文章的第一句及下文的研究結(jié)果可知，兩項新的研究表明赤腳跑步可以避免奔跑帶來的損傷，對跑步者有益。 5. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees，hips and ankle joints than running barefoot.”可知，穿跑鞋跑步可能會傷到臀部，應(yīng)選擇B。 6. A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heels.”可知，赤腳跑步的人常用腳尖或腳的中間部位著地，這樣可以避免傷到腳跟，應(yīng)選擇A。 7. C　解析：態(tài)度推斷題。本文作者只是客觀地介紹了兩項研究結(jié)果，并沒有對現(xiàn)代跑鞋的使用發(fā)表自己的看法，因此選擇C。 C I hear this from people all the time：“Its expensive to eat healthily.” To be clear, I understand that organic bread is a lot more expensive than Pop Tarts, but I also know that you cant put a price tag on your health or your life. I also know that the same people who tell me they cant afford to eat healthily are spending upwards of $30 a week on coffee, $6 or $7 for a pack of cigarettes, and at least $3 every day at the vending machine, but they cant afford to buy fresh fruit because its “too expensive”. Wake up, people! You are either going to spend your money at the grocery store or the doctors office. If you think buying a few extra bananas is expensive, try pricing out diabetes, cancer, heart disease, or any number of other diseases that can be controlled, or avoided through diet. Eating well and taking care of yourself is not a privilege reserved for the welloff－its a right that everyone should exercise! Im not rich by any means, but I budget my money in such a way that I can afford to eat healthfully. Some weeks I may not be able to afford lots of organics and other specialty items, but I can always afford to throw a couple extra bananas and apples in my grocery cart, along with some vegetables and a dozen eggs. As a certified health coach, I work with so many people struggling with their health. When I tell them that the road to recovery can be found in their very own kitchens, they look so skeptical; thats because society wants us to believe that we have to buy a certain diet book, or invest in some fancy piece of gym equipment to make a change. There are so many things money cant buy, such as good health, longevity. Its time to focus on what your life depends on! Dont “cheap out” on your health. Start to make the investment today! 8．What can we learn by reading the first paragraph? A．Most people have little money for healthy food. B．Coffee costs almost the most in every family. C．Peoples health awareness should be improved. D．Organic bread tastes far better than Pop Tarts. 9．Considering organic foods when shopping means ________.　 A．you are making a good investment in yourself B. you are burning too much money on food C．you are making contributions to the environment D. you are informed of numbers of diseases 10．How does the author do in daily life? A．He lives a simple but meaningful life. B．He attaches importance to his health. C. He tends to eat fruits instead of foods. D．He spends money when necessary. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Organic foods are sure to cost more money. B．Your life is more important than your money. C．Few people know how to make an investment. D．Its really expensive to have healthy eating. 答案： 【語篇解讀】就生命和金錢做一個選擇，人們會選擇要生命，但是在購買比較昂貴的健康蔬菜、食品時很多人感到躊躇不定。其實在健康上投資的人才是最大的贏家。 8．C解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段的“$30 a week on coffee，$6 or $7 for a pack of cigarettes，and at least $3 every day at the vending machine”可知，很多人不是沒有錢去買綠色食品，而是把錢花在很多對身體不健康的食物或飲料上。因此重要的是提高人們的健康意識，故選C項。 9．A解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第二段可知，通過飲食可以控制或避免像糖尿病、癌癥、心臟病等疾病。因此多采購綠色食品意味著給自己的健康投資。故選A項。 10．B解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段的“budget my money in such a way that I can afford to eat healthfully”可知，作者在生活中，很注意健康飲食。故選B項。 11．B解析：主旨大意題。作者在文章中論述了在健康上多花點錢是值得的，健康飲食意味著減少疾病，因此生命比錢更重要。故選B項。 Ⅲ.語法填空 Fay: I cant decide whether to ask my son to attend a university here, __1__ allow to move to another city to go to school. Mark: What does he want to do? Fay: Hes not sure. There is an excellent prelaw program(法律預(yù)科課程)at a university in Troy, but thats three hours away. Well, he likes __2__ idea of studying there, but he has friends __3__ will stay here, and his girlfriend may stay here, too. Mark: Ha, ha. I forgot __4__ plicated these decisions can be! When I went to college, the only thing my parents and I took into __5__ (consider) was the program. Fay: I know! These days young people have such involved social lives! Maybe __6__ would be good for him to go to the school at Troy. He really wants to study law, and his grades are excellent. Im sure he __7__ (accept) there. Mark: That sounds likes a good plan. Hell grow up a lot __8__ (fast) if he moves away, you know! And I know your son will always stay __9__ touch with his parents. Hes a fine young man! Fay: Thanks, Mark. I always appreciate __10__ (talk) to you. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.or　2.the　3.who/that　4.how　5.consideration 6．it　7.will be accepted　8.faster　9.in　10.talking