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Unit 3 　A taste of English humour Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,B) I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul—he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技藝) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core(核心) of our relationship off the screen. We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words. 1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first? A.Paul Newman wanted it. B.The studio powers didn’t like his agent. C.He wasn’t famous enough. D.The director remended someone else. 2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship? A.They were of the same age. B.They worked in the same theater. C.They were both good actors. D.They had similar characteristics. 3.What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 3 refer to? A.Their belief. B.Their care for children. C.Their success. D.Their support for each other. 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To show his love of films. B.To remember a friend. C.To introduce a new movie. D.To share his acting experience. B 　　A culture’s values can be mirrored by its humor. Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes, who disliked humor, “Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others.” He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness. However, Mordechai Gordon, Ph.D. of Education, insists, “Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humor is important. In the United States, every four years an election occurs. Without humor as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming?Television shows like “The Daily Show” have bee important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically (隱喻地) airplane-ing politics into our mouths. They make politics fun. Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image. On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”, describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture. A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Amongst other things, mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner. Of course, humor is not always used for good purposes. Humor can be linked to vulgarity (庸俗) and racism, but, like everything else, it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves, our failures and our connection with one another. Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles (皺紋) to know that there is a edy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of. With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity. 5.Hobbes believed that humor 　　　. A.was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better B.resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings C.had the power to mirror personal glory and national values D.was for people to view the world from another angle 6.What is the author’s attitude towards political humor? A.Worried. B.Disappointed. C.Curious. D.Appreciative. 7.The fourth paragraph is developed mainly 　　　. A.by example B.by process C.by parison D.by classification 8.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A.Chaplin wasn’t aware of being laughed at. B.The author feels helpless and sad about getting older. C.Never be the one who laughs at other people. D.The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor. Ⅱ.語法填空 (2017廣西高三5月考前模擬) 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 During the Middle Ages, there was an annual celebration. Poets came from far and wide to pete 　1　a poetry petition. One year, a very handsome young man 　2　(win) the petition. He refused to give his name, 　3　 his gentle manners made him a favorite and he 　4　(invite)to remain at the court. Griselda, the daughter of a lord, fell in love with him and begged him 　5　 (marry) her. He agreed but had two conditions: She must promise she would never try to learn his identity and never seek his pany; she could be with him only when he chose to see her. The morning after 　6　(they)marriage, she woke to find herself in a beautiful palace. She had everything that she wanted. There were servants, fine clothes,　7　(jewel), gardens, and entertainments. “All of these are yours,” her husband said,“but do not forget　8　(you) promise.” At first it was easy for Griselda to keep her promise, and her husband spent most of his time with her. But 　9　(gradual) she couldn’t hide her curiosity because every once in 　10　 while he would disappear into the room which she was not allowed to enter. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 Ⅲ.短文改錯 (2018吉林長春高三一模) 　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。 Dear Bill, How time flies! I went back to school and begin my lessons last month. It will be ten months before I attend the college entrance examination, that makes me worried. I failed pass the English test last term because of I had difficulty learning English. I will never give up and determine to give myself the second chance to pass them. I will ask my teachers and friends for advices on how to improve it and work out a detailed plan. Besides, I will make fully use of time. Do you have any good ideas? Tell me or I will be grateful to you. I’m looking forward to hear from you. Yours, Li Hua 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。在電影界初出茅廬的作者得到了著名演員保羅紐曼的支持,從而獲得了一個重要的演出機(jī)會。他們建立了深厚的友誼,這份友誼一直持續(xù)到保羅紐曼去世。 1.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的 “it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知,這家電影公司不想把這個角色給作者,是因?yàn)樗麄兿氚呀巧o像保羅這樣出名的人,作者還不夠出名,所以答案為C項(xiàng)。 2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的 “Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors”可知,保羅和作者之所以有著長久的友誼,是因?yàn)樗麄儍蓚€人有著相似的品質(zhì),所以答案為D項(xiàng)。 3.A　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段第一句話 “We shared the belief that if...”可知,盡管他們不經(jīng)常見面,但是正是那種信念讓他們聚在了一起。由此推斷出畫線單詞指的是他們的共同的信念,所以答案為A項(xiàng)。 4.B　推理判斷題。文章開頭作者介紹了自己與著名演員保羅紐曼相識的情景,后面描述了兩人的交往和深厚的友誼。最后一段指出兩人的最后一面是在醫(yī)院。由此推斷出作者寫這篇文章就是為了紀(jì)念自己的一位朋友。所以答案為B項(xiàng)。 B [語篇解讀]　一種文化的價值能通過其幽默感表現(xiàn)出來。本文作者介紹了自己對幽默的看法,并決定用幽默的態(tài)度來面對生活。 5.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知,Thomas Hobbes不喜歡幽默,并從他的話中“Laughter is nothing...better than others.”可知,應(yīng)選擇A。 6.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Without humor...way of lemming?”及“They make politics fun.”可知,作者對于政治幽默持贊賞的態(tài)度。appreciative“欣賞的,賞識的”。 7.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的內(nèi)容可知,作者是通過舉例子來支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)的,因此選擇A。 8.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后兩段可知,盡管生活有時候會很艱難,但仍然有連卓別林都沒有意識到的幽默,要記得用幽默的態(tài)度來面對生活,故選擇D。 Ⅱ.語法填空 [語篇解讀]　本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了一個領(lǐng)主的女兒在詩歌大賽上被一位溫文爾雅的英俊男子吸引并與他結(jié)婚的故事。 1.in 　詩人們從各地趕來參加詩歌大賽。 2.won　一年,一位非常英俊的年輕男子贏得了比賽。根據(jù)時間狀語One year可知空格處使用一般過去時。 3.but　他拒絕透露自己的名字,但是他文雅的舉止使他成了最受喜愛的人物?？崭袂昂髽?gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故使用連詞but。 4.was invited　動詞invite與主語he構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,根據(jù)本句中的made可知此處用一般過去時。故填was invited。 5.to marry　領(lǐng)主的女兒愛上了他并懇求他娶她。beg sb. to do sth.為固定搭配,意為“懇求某人做某事”。 6.their　他們結(jié)婚后的早上,她醒來后發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個漂亮的宮殿里。設(shè)空處修飾后面的名詞marriage,故使用形容詞性物主代詞their。 7.jewels　空格前后的名詞均使用了復(fù)數(shù)形式,故設(shè)空處使用jewels“珠寶首飾”。 8.your　“這些都是你的,”她的丈夫說,“但是不要忘記你的許諾?！? 9.gradually　但是漸漸地她抑制不住自己的好奇心了,因?yàn)橛袝r他會消失在她不被允許進(jìn)入的房間里。設(shè)空處用副詞作狀語,故填gradually。 10.a　本題考查固定短語。every once in a while意為“偶爾,有時”。 Ⅲ.短文改錯 Dear Bill, How time flies!I went back to school and ①beginbegan my lessons last month. It will be ten months before I attend the college entrance examination, ②thatwhich makes me worried. I failed ③ pass the English test last term because ④of I had difficulty learning English. I will never give up and determine to give myself ⑤thea second chance to pass ⑥themit. I will ask my teachers and friends for ⑦advicesadvice on how to improve it and work out a detailed plan. Besides, I will make ⑧fullyfull use of time. Do you have any good ideas?Tell me ⑨orand I will be grateful to you. I’m looking forward to ⑩hearhearing from you. Yours, Li Hua ①根據(jù)句中時間狀語last month可知句子應(yīng)該是一般過去時,begin的過去式為began。 ②逗號后為非限制性定語從句。先行詞為整個主句,非限制性定語從句中使用關(guān)系代詞which。 ③fail to do sth. 為固定搭配,意為“未做成某事”。 ④because of后面不能接從句,故把of去掉。 ⑤此處表示“再給自己一次機(jī)會”,故用a。 ⑥此處表示“通過這次考試”,因此用it。 ⑦advice是不可數(shù)名詞。故把a(bǔ)dvices改為advice。 ⑧make full use of “充分利用”為固定短語。 ⑨祈使句+and+陳述句,and表示承接關(guān)系;祈使句+or+陳述句,or表示“否則”。由語境可知把or改為and。 ⑩look forward to短語中to是介詞,后面跟名詞或動名詞。