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Unit 5　Rhythm 閱讀理解 　　閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A (2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ) Wele to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car:Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times:Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes. By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times Sunday—Friday(closed on Saturday)11:00 am—4:00 pm, 30th March—2nd November. Admission Charges 　　　　　　Hall & Gardens　　　　　　Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50 Special Events Producers’ Market　13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival　30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day　28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide. Winter Market　8th November This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 1.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester? A.20 minutes. B.25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D.90 minutes. 2.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens? A.￡12.00. B.￡9.00. C.￡8.00. D.￡5.50. 3.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show? A.Producers’ Market. B.Holker Garden Festival. C.National Garden Day. D.Winter Market. 答案　 [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了到達(dá)Holker的方式、參觀時(shí)間、參觀費(fèi)用和特殊活動(dòng)。 1.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的from Manchester直接定位到文章How to Get to Holker部分中的Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes,故選D項(xiàng)。 2.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的a tour group和Hall & Gardens直接定位到文章Admission Charges部分中的Groups:￡9.00,故選B項(xiàng)。 3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的see a live music show直接定位到文章Winter Market部分中的enjoying a live music show,故選D項(xiàng)。 B Today, paper-making is a big business. But it is still possible to make paper by hand since the steps are the same as using big machines. You should use paper with small amounts of printing. Old envelopes are good for this reason. Colored paper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces about five centimeters by five centimeters. Everything is placed in a container, covered with water and brought to a boil. It is mixed for about two hours with some mon chemicals and then allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp(紙漿), can be stored until you are ready to make paper. When you are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a mould. The mould is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper. To help dry the paper, the mould lets the water flow through the small wire squares. After several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from the mould. It is now strong enough to be touched. The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a mon electric iron used for pressing clothes. 4.It is suggested that we “should choose paper with small amounts of printing” to　　　. A.make paper by ourselves B.renew the old envelopes C.make various colored paper D.create our own newspaper 5.Whether the paper is strong enough to be touched is determined by　　　. A.how long the pulp is stored B.how thick the paper is C.how much water remains D.what type of chemicals are used 6.When the paper is lifted back from the mould, it is time to　　　. A.make it smooth B.make it strong C.decorate it D.use an iron 7.The passage is most probably intended to 　　　. A.introduce the history of paper-making B.describe the process of paper-making C.pare the ancient with the modern paper-making D.argue about the possibility of paper-making by hand 答案　 [語篇解讀]　本文屬于說明文,作者講述了如何手工做紙,并詳細(xì)介紹了手工做紙的程序和方法。 4.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句But it is still possible to make paper by hand since the steps are the same as using big machines.可知主要講述的是手工做紙的話題,所以在第二段中提出要選擇那些印刷內(nèi)容較少的紙張,目的就是自己做紙。故A正確。 5.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp(紙漿), can be stored until you are ready to make paper.以及最后一段中的After several more drying steps...可知剩下的水越少,說明紙漿就越多,那么生產(chǎn)出來的紙的質(zhì)量也就越好,能夠硬到讓人去觸摸。故C正確。 6.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a mon electric iron used for pressing clothes.說明當(dāng)紙從模具里拿出來以后,要對(duì)它進(jìn)行熨燙,讓它變平。故A正確。 7.B　主旨大意題。作者在本文中講述的是如何手工做紙,并詳細(xì)介紹了手工做紙的程序和方法。所以本文主要就是描述做紙的過程,故B正確。 C As trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains. People are wondering what these colors are for. For years, scientists have worked to understand the changes that happen to trees in the autumn. Up to now there have been different explanations for why natural selection makes autumn colors so widespread. Dr.Hamilton from Oxford University proposed that bright autumn leaves contained a message: they warn insects to leave them alone. In the autumn, insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae(幼蟲)e out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees. Dr. Hamilton suggested that trees could ward off these insects with poisons. They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs. Dr.Hamilton and his students turned the theory into a mathematical model, which showed that warning signals could indeed drive the evolution(進(jìn)化)of bright leaves. It was a first attempt to see what was out there. A research team from the University of Wisconsin gave a quite different explanation. “If you are up here in Wisconsin, by the time leaves change, all the insects that feed on leaves are gone,” Dr. Hoch said. He believed that autumn colors served mainly as protection. According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost(冰凍)injury—in other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves. Besides, autumn colors might protect the leaves from water loss. If the cells in the leaves bee dry, the connections between the cells will be weakened and the leaves will break off. Although there are different explanations about autumn colors, it has really given them a deeper concern for this time of year. “People sometimes say that science makes the world less interesting by just explaining things away,” one famous biologist said.“But with autumn leaves, the more you know about them, the more amazed you will be.” 8.According to Dr. Hamilton, there is a connection between　　　. A.the size of leaves and the survival of insects B.the size of leaves and the behavior of insects C.the size of leaves and the quality of insects D.the size of leaves and the number of insects 9.Dr. Hoch and his team give the explanation that　　　. A.climate has an influence on the color of the leaves B.sun damage and frost injury drive the insects away C.the color of autumn leaves has a protective function D.autumn colors bring great destruction to the leaves 10.The underlined phrase “ward off” in Paragraph 2 probably means“　　　”. A.catch B.attract C.ignore D.prevent 11.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A.The evolution of colorful leaves B.The secret to autumn leaves’ changes C.The charming autumn colors D.The role of leaves’ being protection 答案　 [語篇解讀]　秋天到了,葉子成了金黃色。在我們眼中這是美麗的秋景,可是科學(xué)家們卻在研究葉子變成黃色是為了什么。秋天的葉子里藏著什么秘密? 8.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中In the autumn, insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae(幼蟲)e out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees.可知幼蟲以樹葉為食,所以樹葉的大小和昆蟲的數(shù)量有關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。 9.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost(冰凍)injury—in other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves.可知秋天的樹葉有保護(hù)作用,金黃色保護(hù)葉子免受傷害,故選C項(xiàng)。 10.D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段畫線詞前一句When the larvae(幼蟲)e out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees.和后一句They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.可知畫線詞的意思是“阻止”,故選D。 11.B　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句As trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains.和最后一段中 “But with autumn leaves, the more you know about them, the more amazed you will be.”可知本文敘述的是秋天樹葉變化的秘密。故選B項(xiàng)。 D If you’ve ever had to chop an onion, you probably know that it’s one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and they’ve apparently e up with a tearless onion. Called the “Sunion”, this new vegetable is the result of a natural cross-breeding program that’s been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. It’s supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn’t leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn’t cause teary eyes when it’s chopped. When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a pound called lachrymatory-factor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored, so the older they are, the more you will cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying pound drop as time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it. That’s what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they don’t have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “l(fā)ike popcorn”. So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but we’ll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about them. 12.What is special about the Sunion? A.It’s easily chopped. B.It’s sweet and tastes strong. C.It’s tearless and mild. D.It’s grown nationwide in the USA. 13.How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3? A.By parison. B.By telling a story. C.By giving examples. D.By asking questions. 14.What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Round shape. B.Strong smell. C.Special character. D.Medical function. 15.What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A.The Sunion has been largely on the market. B.The Sunion is still on trial at present. C.The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide. D.The author is confident about the future of the Sunion. 答案　 [語篇解讀]　有過切洋蔥經(jīng)歷的人一定會(huì)印象深刻:兩眼淚水。美國兩個(gè)州研究出了一種新型的洋蔥,不會(huì)讓人流淚而且還可以像吃玉米花那樣吃它。 12.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句中的they’ve apparently e up with a tearless onion及第二段中It’s supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn’t leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn’t cause teary eyes when it’s chopped.可知這種洋蔥不會(huì)讓人流眼淚且氣味不濃。故選C項(xiàng)。 13.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知,作者用普通洋蔥與新型洋蔥進(jìn)行比較,故作者是運(yùn)用了比較法。故選A項(xiàng)。 14.B　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)其后半句are so sweet that you can eat them “l(fā)ike popcorn”可以猜測(cè)出pungency是“刺激性氣味”之意。故選B項(xiàng)。 15.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December,but we’ll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about them.可知作者對(duì)Sunion的未來很有信心。故選D。