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Module 4 A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．local adj.　　　　　　　　　 地方的；局部的 2．suburb n. 城郊；郊區(qū) 3．district n. 地域；區(qū)域；行政區(qū) 4．harbour n. 海港 5．a(chǎn)rchitecture n. 建筑 6．mittee n. 委員會(huì) 7．household n. 家屬；家人 8．gallery n. 美術(shù)館；畫廊 9．nuisance n. 令人討厭的人或事 10．manual adj. 用手的；手的 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．survey n. 調(diào)查 2．pretty adv.[縱聯(lián)1] 很；相當(dāng) 3．rent n. 租金 4．park vt. 停車 5．traffic n. 交通 6．exchange vt. 交換 7．a(chǎn)pproach vt. 接近 8．a(chǎn)fford vt. 買得起；有能力支付 9．sound vi. [縱聯(lián)2] 聽起來(lái) 10．bother vt. 打擾；煩擾；麻煩 11．contact vt. 聯(lián)絡(luò)；聯(lián)系(某人) 12．hometown n. 家鄉(xiāng) Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．neighbourhood n．四鄰；街坊→neighbour n．鄰居 2．a(chǎn)ttractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的→attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引；名勝[縱聯(lián)3] 3．fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的；吉祥的→fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地；吉祥地→fortune n．運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富[縱聯(lián)4] 4．tourist n．旅游者；觀光客→tour vt.& n．旅游；觀光→tourism n．旅游業(yè) 5．starve vi.餓死→starvation n．餓死；挨餓 6．occupation n．職業(yè)→occupational adj.職業(yè)的→occupy v．占用；占領(lǐng)；占據(jù) 7．professional adj.專業(yè)的→profession n．職業(yè)；專業(yè)[縱聯(lián)5] 8．organisation n．組織→organise vt.組織→organised adj.有組織的；有系統(tǒng)的 9．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinate vt.使著迷→fascination n．魅力 10．survive vi.死里逃生；大難不死→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者 縱聯(lián)1.程度副詞多變化 ①pretty很；相當(dāng)　　　　　 ②fairly相當(dāng)，簡(jiǎn)直 ③quite很；相當(dāng) ④slightly輕微地 ⑤rather相當(dāng)；非常 ⑥entirely 完全地 縱聯(lián)2.感官系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)起來(lái) ①sound聽起來(lái) ②look看起來(lái) ③smell聞起來(lái) ④taste嘗起來(lái) ⑤feel摸起來(lái) 縱聯(lián)3.后綴ive形容詞大觀園 ①attractive有吸引力的 ②impressive使人印象深刻的 ③creative有創(chuàng)造力的 ④constructive建設(shè)性的 ⑤expensive昂貴的 ⑥instructive 有教育意義的 縱聯(lián)4.我的“命運(yùn)”我掌握 ①fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的 ②fortune n．運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn) ③fate n．命運(yùn)；結(jié)局 ④destiny n．命運(yùn)；天命 縱聯(lián)5.后綴al高頻形容詞匯總 ①professional專業(yè)的 ②occupational職業(yè)的 ③personal個(gè)人的 ④national國(guó)家的；民族的 ⑤traditional傳統(tǒng)的 ⑥international國(guó)際的 單元話題——社會(huì)調(diào)查 子話題1　調(diào)查情況 　①expose v．揭露；使曝光 ②resist vt.抵抗；抗拒 ③starvation n．饑餓；餓死 ④prohibit v．禁止 ⑤prejudice n．偏見；成見 ⑥discrimination n．歧視 ⑦situation n．形式；情況 ⑧innocent adj.清白的；無(wú)辜的 ⑨statistics n. 統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字，統(tǒng)計(jì)資料 ⑩unemployment n. 失業(yè)；失業(yè)狀態(tài) ?unfair adj. 不公平的；不公正的 子話題2　社會(huì)進(jìn)步 　①vitality n．活力；熱情 ②wealth n．財(cái)富 ③welfare n．福利 ④significance n．重要性 ⑤social security社會(huì)保障 ⑥pension insurance養(yǎng)老金 ⑦keep pace with 跟上……的速度 ⑧offer job opportunities 提供就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì) [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2015湖北高考閱讀A) Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small neardisaster a few miles west of here.While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back.“Hello！” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer?， I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.I began to properly worry about him.　?　 (fortunate), I managed to get in touch with? a Dartmoors Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo.The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony.The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks.The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again. ①用本單元的詞匯替換got closer: approached，該詞作名詞時(shí)，意為“方法”，常與介詞to連用 ②用fortunate的正確形式填空：Fortunately ③用本單元的詞匯替換get in touch with：contact 2．(2010全國(guó)卷Ⅱ閱讀B) As adventurous as the job sounds?， the hard part is factchecking all the information.Sure, its great to write about a tourist 　?　 (attractive)，but youd better get the local? museum hours correct or you could really ruin someones vacation. ①選擇sounds在句中的含義：__B__，它常用作連系動(dòng)詞 A．發(fā)出聲音　B．聽起來(lái)　 C．發(fā)出信號(hào)　 D．鳴警報(bào) ②用attractive的正確形式填空：attraction ③寫出local在句中的含義：當(dāng)?shù)氐? 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示詞補(bǔ)全/翻譯句子) 1．(2015福建高考書面表達(dá))這個(gè)男孩因?yàn)樨毟F甚至買不起蠟燭，因此為了夜晚閱讀他從墻上鑿洞從鄰居家“偷光”。(afford) The boy, being poor, couldnt_afford_even_a_candle,_so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbours house to read at night. 2．(2015重慶高考寫作)與此同時(shí)，他們互相交流想法和感受，通過(guò)這種方式他們很可能獲得更多的知識(shí)。(exchange) Meanwhile,_they_exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through_which_they_probably_acquire_more_knowledge. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．bother vt.打擾； 煩擾； 麻煩； 花費(fèi)時(shí)間、精力(做某事) n．麻煩，不便利 [記牢] (1)bother to do/doing sth.　　 費(fèi)心做某事 bother sb.with/about sth. 為某事打擾或麻煩某人 It bothers sb.that/to do sth. 使某人苦惱的是 Dont bother. 不必麻煩了。/不用費(fèi)心了。 (2)have bother (in) doing sth. 做某事費(fèi)力 why bother 沒有必要吧；何苦那么麻煩 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①It bothers (bother) Tom that he cant find a job that he really likes. ②Dont bother to_look/looking (look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day. ③Im sorry I have bothered you with so many questions. [寫美]　一句多譯 你找到這所房子費(fèi)力嗎？ ④Did you have_much_bother_(in) finding the house？(bother) ⑤Did you have_trouble/difficulty_(in) finding the house？(trouble/difficulty) 2．a(chǎn)pproach v．接近，靠近；找(某人)商量；著手處理 n．接近；通道；方法；途徑 [記牢] at the approach of　　　　　 在快到……的時(shí)候 make approaches to sb. 設(shè)法接近某人 an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途徑 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police. ②The job market has changed and our approaches to finding （find） work must change as well. [寫美]　一句多譯 隨著教師節(jié)的臨近，今年我們班決定換一種方式舉行一場(chǎng)晚會(huì)來(lái)慶祝這個(gè)重要的節(jié)日。 ③As Teachers Day was_approaching,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ④With Teachers Day approaching,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ⑤With Teachers Day around_the_corner,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ⑥As Teachers Day was_drawing_near,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. [聯(lián)想]　表示“(做)某事的方法”的搭配有： ①the approach to (doing) sth. ②the way to do/of (doing) sth. ③the means of (doing) sth. ④the method of (doing) sth. 3．exchange vt.& n．交換；交流；兌換 [記牢] (1)exchange sth.with sb.　 與某人交換某物 exchange A for B 以A交換B (2)in exchange (for ...) 作為交換，互換 exchange students 交換生(兩國(guó)交換的留學(xué)生) [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①Ive offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a weeks acmodation. ②We students should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world. ③He exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what was left. [用準(zhǔn)]　exchange和change作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，前者強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方交換，而后者則強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的屬性或位置的改變。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ④(2015四川高考書面表達(dá))此外，在過(guò)去兩年我自愿幫助兩名交換生學(xué)習(xí)普通話。 In addition, I have volunteered to_help_two_exchange_students with their Mandarin learning during the past two years. 4．a(chǎn)fford vt.買得起；有能力支付；(有時(shí)間)做；承擔(dān)得起(后果)；提供，給予 [記牢] (1)afford to do sth.　　 負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事(的費(fèi)用) afford sb.sth.＝ afford sth.to sb. 給予某人某物；提供給某人某物 (2)affordable adj. 能承擔(dān)得起的 affordably adv. 負(fù)擔(dān)得起地 [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①I dont dare to annoy my boss because I cant afford to_lose (lose) my job. ②Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy affordably (afford) priced bikes. [用準(zhǔn)]　afford意為“買得起，負(fù)擔(dān)得起”時(shí)，常與can, could, be able to連用，后接名詞、代詞或不定式。 [寫美]　句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ③The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience. →The programme affords_the_chance_to_young_people to gain work experience. 5．survive vi.死里逃生；大難不死 vt.比……活得長(zhǎng)；從……中逃生 [記牢] (1)A survive B (by ...)　 A比B活得長(zhǎng)(……) survive sth. (經(jīng)歷意外、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、疾病等后) 幸存，活下來(lái) survive on 靠……生存下來(lái) (2)survival n. 幸存；殘留下來(lái)的人(物) survivor n. 幸存者 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①How does the family survive on such a small monthly wage? ②Its said that the woman survived her husband by 10 years. ③(2017江蘇高考) Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival (survive)． [用準(zhǔn)]　survive 表示“幸免于”時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，因而不需要加多余的介詞in, from等。 [寫美]　 句式升級(jí) ④(201610月浙江高考寫作)After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right. →Having_survived_that_night,_she was confident that everything else would be all right.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫) [詞匯過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．If necessary, please feel free to contact (聯(lián)系) me via email or call me at 56667187. 2．Emily has to ride a bike across town to work every day because she cant afford (買得起；有能力支付) a car or the expensive rent near her pany. 3．To try to lose weight, the girl starves (使挨餓) herself every night. 4．What bothers (煩擾) me most is how I can get so much money for the project. 5．It is not known how the early humans survive (活下來(lái)) in the cold environment of ancient northern Europe. 6．Mrs Smith said something good about my position, so I felt pretty (很；相當(dāng)) happy. 7．Although the idea sounds (聽起來(lái)) wonderful, Im not sure whether it is practical. 8．We exchanged (交換) addresses and phone numbers at the party. 9．The research group produced two reports based on the survey (調(diào)查), but neither contained any useful suggestions. 10．The money used for building the library was donated by a local (當(dāng)?shù)氐? businessman. Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．With the College Entrance Examination approaching (approach), I strongly remend that we should value time and study hard to be admitted into key universities. 2．Many weight loss programs seem attractive (attract) to people, but few work. 3．Every month the pany donates a large amount of money to the unfortunate (fortunate) people in the area. 4．It is said that each year thousands of tourists (tour) visit the polar regions of the Arctic and Antarctic. 5．He didnt want to bother his mother with/about his financial problems. 6．The public media receive money to operate from private citizens, organisations (organise) and governments. 7．The local government is trying to create jobs for the unemployed (employ)． 8．Her fathers occupation (occupy) influenced her greatly, and Jane finally chosen to be a lawyer. 9．Although her parents thought that she should bee a professional (profession) musician, Victoria has other plans for her life. 10．Dolphins are unique and fascinating (fascinate) creatures, and they have been human beings friends for long. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．我不想費(fèi)事做那些累人但無(wú)用的事情。(bother) I wont bother_to_do/doing those tiring but useless things. 2．很多鳥在冬天來(lái)臨之際飛向南方。(approach) Many kinds of birds fly south at_the_approach_of winter. 3．我要出國(guó)旅游了，所以我想去銀行把一些人民幣兌換成美金。(exchange) I am going to travel abroad，so I want to exchange_some_RMB_for dollars in the bank. 4．這星期我很忙，沒時(shí)間去看那場(chǎng)電影。(afford) Im very busy this week and cant afford_to_see the film. 5．鎮(zhèn)上有幾座建筑物是從中世紀(jì)時(shí)期留存下來(lái)的。(survive) Several buildings in the town have_survived_from medieval times. (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．put_up　　　　　　　　　　　　 修建 2．so_far/up_to_now/till_now 到目前為止 3．get_away_from 擺脫 4．a(chǎn)_great_many/a_number_of [串記1] 許多；大量 5．go_up　[串記2] 上升 6．pay_back 歸還；償還 7．make_it [串記3] 做成；成功 8．a(chǎn)s_a_result 結(jié)果 [同根短語(yǔ)串記] 串記1.“許多；大量”太多了 ①a great many　　　　　　 ②plenty of ③a large number of ④a great/good deal of ⑤a large quantity of/large quantities of 串記2.“v.＋up”短語(yǔ)全接觸 ①go up上升 ②break up分裂；打碎 ③build up逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立 ④hang up掛起來(lái)；掛斷電話 ⑤pick up(無(wú)意中)學(xué)會(huì)；撿起 ⑥bring up撫養(yǎng)；教育 ⑦make up虛構(gòu)；彌補(bǔ)；組成 ⑧show up出現(xiàn)；露面 串記3.“v.＋it”短語(yǔ)精選 ①make it做成；成功 ②get it明白；理解 ③go it趕快做 ④watch it注意 1．by the seaside 在沿海 2．listening skill 聽力技能 3．on the third floor 在三樓 4．on the coast 在海岸上 5．the rent for an apartment 公寓的租金 6．a(chǎn)t weekends 在周末 7．make/earn money 掙錢 8．the beauty of nature 大自然的美麗 9．make money 賺錢 10．shopping centre 購(gòu)物中心 1．Its_been_six_years_since we last saw each other, you know. 你知道，自從我們上次見面到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有六年了。 2．And this_is_the_first_time_Ive_visited your hometown. 這是我第一次參觀你的家鄉(xiāng)。 3．...this is one_of_the_most_attractive_places Ive been to. ……這是我曾經(jīng)去過(guò)的最吸引人的地方之一。 4．Whats_the_climate_like？氣候怎么樣？ [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語(yǔ)和句式(補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2016天津高考完形填空) Last summer, she wanted to join our local swim team.She practiced hard and finally made_it (獲得成功)． 2．(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅱ完形填空) Hed moved to England with his mum when he was three and it_had_been_13_years_since (自從……到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)13年了) Id last seen him. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語(yǔ)和句式(補(bǔ)全句子/詞匯升級(jí)) 1．(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))在地球日前一周，在我們學(xué)校到處張貼了海報(bào)，號(hào)召我們加入到綠色地球的行動(dòng)中。 A week before Earth Day, posters were_put_up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. 2．(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá)) Athletes from our school team have won many gold medals of table tennis contests in recent years and the coaching team is also very professional.(用本單元短語(yǔ)替換加黑詞) a_great_many 3．(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))因?yàn)檫@是我第一次向外國(guó)學(xué)生展示怎樣制作茶，因此一開始我感到有點(diǎn)緊張。(this be the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋從句) Because this_was_the_first_time_that_I_had_shown foreign students how to make tea, I felt a little nervous in the beginning. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語(yǔ)集釋] 1．put up修建；建造；舉起；架起；張貼；投宿；(為……)提供膳宿；提高(價(jià)錢) [辨清]　寫出下列句中put up的含義 ①The names of the candidates will be put up on the college notice board.張貼 ②He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.投宿 ③Please put up your hand if you have any questions.舉起 ④A new supermarket will be put up in this neighborhood next year.建造 [記牢] put away　　　　　　 把……收拾起來(lái) put aside 儲(chǔ)存；留出 put forward 向前移動(dòng)，提出(意見、建議) put down 記下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓 put up with 容忍；忍受；忍耐；受苦 [練通]　介(副)詞填空 ⑤I think there is a limit to how much of this nonsense people are going to put up with. ⑥Encourage children to put aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents. ⑦All of us are delighted that a suitable answer has already been put forward by the chairwoman. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑧高層建筑已經(jīng)建起來(lái)了，包括教學(xué)樓、實(shí)驗(yàn)樓和圖書館。 Tall buildings have_been_put_up,_including classroom and laboratory buildings, and a library. 2．get away from擺脫；離開；逃脫 [記牢] get away　　　　 走開，逃離；外出度假 get away with sth. 做(錯(cuò)事)而未受懲罰；受到從輕發(fā)落 get over 克服(困難)；從(病或損失等)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái) get through 通過(guò)；(工作)完成；接通(電話) get across 被理解；使人了解 [練通]　選用上述短語(yǔ)填空 ①A good speaker is supposed to manage to get_across to the listeners what he means. ②This proves that as long as we have a strong will, well be able to get_over any difficulty. ③(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get_away_from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own. ④The policeman cant have the thief getting_away_with stealing peoples money. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑤(2018浙江高考寫作)我父親給警察局打電話，但是打不通。 My father telephoned the police station, but it couldnt get_through. [句式集釋] It is/has been＋一段時(shí)間＋since ... [教材原句]　Its_been_six_years_since we last saw each other, you know. [悟拓展例句] (1)It is /has been already three months since he worked in this pany, and now he still cant find a job. 自從他離開這家公司已經(jīng)有三個(gè)月了，到現(xiàn)在還沒有找到一份工作。 (2)It_will_be_another_week_before we meet again. 再過(guò)一周我們就會(huì)再次見面。 (3)It_was_11_oclock_when he came back last night. 他昨晚回來(lái)的時(shí)候是十一點(diǎn)。 (4)It_was_at_11_oclock_that he came back last night. 他是昨晚十一點(diǎn)回來(lái)的。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)“It be＋一段時(shí)間＋since ...”句型，意為“自從……已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。主句中若用現(xiàn)在時(shí)， since從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主句中若用過(guò)去時(shí)，則從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 (2)“It＋be＋一段時(shí)間＋before從句”，表示“多久之后才……”。若before從句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，be用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；若before從句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，be用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 (3)“It＋be＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)＋when從句(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)”表示“做某事是在某時(shí)”。 (4)“It＋be＋介詞＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)/段或地點(diǎn)＋that ...”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 注意事項(xiàng) since引導(dǎo)的從句中的動(dòng)詞如果用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示“自從……多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”；若since引導(dǎo)的從句中的動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則表示“自從該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的完成或結(jié)束以來(lái)已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2016天津高考書面表達(dá)) It has been two weeks since you came here for the exchange program.(開頭句) (2)(2017天津高考書面表達(dá)) While it has been more than a year since you taught us English, Ive missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.(要點(diǎn)句) [詞塊、句式過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 go up， at weekends， put up， a great many， make money， up to now， make it， get away from 1．More than one new house has been put_up for the victims of the earthquake in this area so far. 2．Up_to_now,_Susan has created many programmes, one of which received an award at her provinces science fair. 3．People with special interests can get_away_from their routines while they are learning such things as how to make beer or take better photos. 4．To my joy, a_great_many students passed it, although the math exam was rather difficult. 5．Watching hundreds of balloons slowly go_up into the sky, the crowd got excited. 6．I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made_it at last. 7．Nowadays there are lots of opportunities to make_money online. 8．To finish the project in time, the staff were working at_weekends. Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子或翻譯句子 1．自從露西回到美國(guó)以來(lái)已經(jīng)三個(gè)月的時(shí)間了。(since) It_is/has_been_three_months_since Lucy returned to America. 2．這是我第一次離開家這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。(This/It is the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋從句) This_is_the_first_time_that_I_have_been_away_from my family for such a long time. 3．并不是所有的人都喜歡她幽默的主持方式。(the way＋that從句) Not everyone likes the_humorous_way_(that/in_which) she hosts the program. 4．曹文軒寫的《草房子》是我讀過(guò)的最棒的小說(shuō)之一。(the＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞＋定語(yǔ)從句) The Grass House written by Cao Wenxuan is one_of_the_best_novels_that_I_have_ever_read. 5．你知道宇宙飛船是什么樣子的嗎？(whats ...like？) Do_you_know_what_a_spaceship_is_like? Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文分步寫作 假定你是李華，離開家鄉(xiāng)已10年之久，你最近看到關(guān)于家鄉(xiāng)的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文： 1．曾經(jīng)有很多人失業(yè)； 2．到目前為止一些失業(yè)工人在郊區(qū)找到了工作； 3．人民對(duì)美好生活的憧憬。 注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點(diǎn) 1．審題：①人稱：主要是第三人稱?、跁r(shí)態(tài)：主要是一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 2．內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：本題只給出了寫作的3個(gè)基本要點(diǎn)，屬于半開放式作文。根據(jù)寫作要求，本文應(yīng)包括以下兩個(gè)層次： (1)開頭語(yǔ)：自我介紹，引出話題，為下文介紹家鄉(xiāng)做鋪墊； (2)主體部分：具體描述一項(xiàng)關(guān)于家鄉(xiāng)的調(diào)查：曾經(jīng)有很多人失業(yè)(要點(diǎn)1)；到目前為止一些失業(yè)工人在郊區(qū)找到了工作(要點(diǎn)2)；表述人民對(duì)美好生活的憧憬(要點(diǎn)3)。 開頭語(yǔ)：我是李華。我離開家鄉(xiāng)已有10年之久。我也沒聯(lián)系過(guò)那里的朋友。 My_name_is_Li_Hua.Its_ten_years_since_I_left_my_hometown.I_havent_contacted_my_friends_there_either. 要點(diǎn)1：最近我讀了一篇關(guān)于我家鄉(xiāng)的調(diào)查。此項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明曾經(jīng)有很多人失業(yè)。(a great many) Recently_I_read_a_survey_about_my_hometown.It_shows_that_there_were_a_great_many_people_out_of_work. 要點(diǎn)2－①：到目前為止，一些失業(yè)工人很幸運(yùn)地在郊區(qū)找到了工作。(so far, fortunate, suburb) So_far,_some_of_them_have_been_fortunate_to_find_their_jobs_in_the_suburbs. 要點(diǎn)2－②：他們已經(jīng)擺脫了困難時(shí)期。這聽起來(lái)相當(dāng)令人鼓舞。(get away from, sound, pretty) They_have_got_away_from_difficult_times,_which_sounds_pretty_encouraging. 要點(diǎn)3：他們相信只要努力工作就能買得起自己的房子。(afford) They_believe_they_can_afford_to_buy_their_own_houses_as_long_as_they_work_hard. 第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼 為了使內(nèi)容更充實(shí)亮眼，我們需要對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行必要的拓展和升級(jí)，讓要點(diǎn)在內(nèi)容上和形式上更豐滿。例如：要點(diǎn)1可以升級(jí)為定語(yǔ)從句；要點(diǎn)2－①可以添加方式狀語(yǔ)“在政府和一些社會(huì)組織的幫助下”來(lái)充實(shí)要點(diǎn)；要點(diǎn)3可以補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)“他們希望可以像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯舆^(guò)著快樂(lè)的生活”。 升級(jí)要點(diǎn)1：最近我讀了一篇關(guān)于我家鄉(xiāng)的調(diào)查，調(diào)查表明曾經(jīng)有很多人失業(yè)。(用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句) Recently_I_read_a_survey_about_my_hometown,_which_shows_that_there_were_a_great_many_people_out_of_work. 拓展要點(diǎn)2－①：到目前為止，在政府和一些社會(huì)組織的幫助下，一些失業(yè)工人很幸運(yùn)地在郊區(qū)找到了工作。(用with介詞短語(yǔ)) So_far,_with_the_help_of_the_government_and_some_social_organisations,_some_of_them_have_been_fortunate_to_find_their_jobs_in_the_suburbs. 補(bǔ)充要點(diǎn)3：他們希望可以像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯舆^(guò)著快樂(lè)的生活。(local) They_hope_they_can_live_a_happy_life_like_local_people. 第三步：連句成文，排語(yǔ)句順序，重銜接過(guò)渡 本寫作可采用總分式結(jié)構(gòu)組織全文。開頭先自我介紹并引出話題。要點(diǎn)間可添加銜接詞but， so， besides，以使文章過(guò)渡自然，語(yǔ)意連貫。 My_name_is_Li_Hua.Its_ten_years_since_I_left_my_hometown.I_havent_contacted_my_friends_there_either.Recently_I_read_a_survey_about_my_hometown,_which_shows_that_there_were_a_great_many_people_out_of_work.But_so_far,_with_the_help_of_the_government_and_some_social_organisations,_some_of_them_have_been_fortunate_to_find_their_jobs_in_the_suburbs.So_they_have_got_away_from_difficult_times,_which_sounds_pretty_encouraging.They_believe_they_can_afford_to_buy_their_own_houses_as_long_as_they_work_hard.Besides,_they_hope_they_can_live_a_happy_life_like_local_people. 理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(四)　應(yīng)用文之通知通告——抓標(biāo)題及四大要素，比對(duì)定答案 通知通告類應(yīng)用文結(jié)構(gòu)比較單一，但是信息含量豐富。通知常含有一個(gè)主標(biāo)題，點(diǎn)明通知類型等相關(guān)信息，正文常常涵蓋通知內(nèi)容、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及人物四大要素，文章結(jié)尾常常帶有一些特別提示。解答此類應(yīng)用文的關(guān)鍵在于抓住命題敏感點(diǎn)即標(biāo)題及文中四要素，然后迅速瀏覽題干，找出題眼，再到文章中尋找與之相關(guān)的要素，進(jìn)而比對(duì)信息得出答案。 [高考典例]　2015全國(guó)卷ⅠA篇 [抓標(biāo)題及四大要素] [高考典例]　2015全國(guó)卷ⅠA篇 [讀文解題技法] 主標(biāo)題表明通知類型及地點(diǎn) 　 ? 副標(biāo)題：時(shí)間1 　　 　內(nèi)容1　? 　　 副標(biāo)題：時(shí)間2 　　 　內(nèi)容2　? 　　 副標(biāo)題：時(shí)間3 　　 　內(nèi)容3　? 　　 副標(biāo)題：時(shí)間4 　　 　內(nèi)容4　? 　　 　　具體聯(lián)系方式? Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21：00. November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”． December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew. February 6th An Update on the Cotswold C