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考點32 條件狀語從句 高考頻度：★★★★★ 一、條件狀語從句 1. if引導的條件狀語從句 if可引導非真實條件狀語從句(見＂虛擬語氣＂)和真實條件狀語從句。 If he said that, he can’t be telling the truth. 如果他說了那樣的話，他不可能是說實話。 2. unless引導的條件狀語從句 unless引導的是否定條件狀語從句，在意義上相當于if...not，而且語氣較強，一般不用于虛擬語氣。 You’ll be late unless you hurry. 你會遲到的，如果不趕快的話。 1.(2018北京卷單項填空) _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 2.________ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case. A. Once B. As long as C. Unless D. Since 【答案】C　 【解析】考查連詞。句意：如果我們沒有足夠的證據(jù)，我們就贏不了官司。后句說官司打不贏，用unless來表示相反的條件。 【名師點睛】條件狀語從句就是在復合句中表示主句動作發(fā)生條件的狀語從句。引導條件狀語從句最經(jīng)常用的連詞是if，它的意思是＂如果＂； 也可以用unless引導：unless的意思是＂如果不＂＂除非＂，相當于if not。 3. only if引導的條件狀語從句 only if在引導條件狀語從句時意為＂只有……(才)；只有在……的時候，唯一的條件是……＂。 I’ll let you use the car only if you keep it in good condition. 只要你把車保養(yǎng)好，我就讓你用。 4. as/so long as引導的條件狀語從句 as/so long as意為＂只要；如果＂。 As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play. 只要不下雨我們就能玩。 You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it. A. even if B. as long as C .as if D. ever since 【答案】B 5. provided (that)/providing (that)引導的條件狀語從句 provided (that)/providing (that)意為＂假如；如果＂。 I will agree to go provided / providing (that) my expense is paid. 假如為我負擔費用，我就同意去。 Providing you promise not to tell anyone else I’ll explain the secret. 假如你承諾不告訴別人，我就告訴你這個秘密。 6. on condition that（條件是）和suppose / supposing (that)（假設；如果）也可引導條件狀語從句 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret. 我可以告訴你真相，條件是你答應保守秘密。 Suppose/ Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? 在條件狀語從句中，通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義，而不能直接使用將來時態(tài)。不過，有時表示條件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是將來時態(tài), 而是表示意愿或委婉的請求(will為情態(tài)動詞)。 If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here. 請稍坐片刻，我這就通知經(jīng)理說您來了。 二、方式狀語從句 表示行為方式的狀語從句常由as（依照……，像……一樣），as if（正如……，似乎……），as though（似乎……，好像……），（just）as... so...（正如……）引導，多置于主句之后。 1.as，(just) as... so...引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as...so...結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文體。 Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待別人。 As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。 2.as if，as though兩者的意義和用法相同，引導的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反，有時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作＂仿佛……似的＂，＂好像……似的＂。 They pletely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他們完全忽略了這些事實，就仿佛它們不存在似的。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。） He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。） It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看來天氣很快就會好起來。（實現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。） 【名師點睛】 as if / as though也可以引導一個分詞短語、不定式短語或無動詞短語。 He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要說什么似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波濤沖擊著巖石，好像很憤怒。 1. He looked at me curiously _______________ he had some doubt which he was unwilling to express. A.as if B.in case C.unless D.so that 【答案】A 2. More people will eat out in restaurants _______________ they do today. A. than B. when C. while D. as 【答案】D 【解析】句意：正如人們現(xiàn)在所做的一樣，更多的人將會在飯店吃飯。as在此引導方式狀語從句，表示＂如同，照……的方式＂。 題組一 能力過關(guān) I.單項填空 1. This medicine is quite beneficial to your recovery after the operation,______ you take it as told. A. unless B. providing C. considering D. since 2.Ill be out for some time. ______ anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that 3.She says that shell have to close the shop ________ business improves. A. if B. unless C. after D. when 4.She says that shell have to close the shop ________ business improves. A. if B. unless C. after D. when 5. The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We’d better leave things __________ they are until the police arrive. A. since B. as C. though D. unless 6. The two boys had so much in mon as if they ____________ brought up in the same family. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 7. —Do you remember the experiment we did together many years ago? —Yes, ____________ we did it yesterday. A. as if B. even if C. only if D. if only 8. My daughter stared at me, angrily, ___________ I were her wicked stepmother. A. even if B. only if C. if only D. as if 9. Mrs. Sue looked __________ she was going to explode when the boy cut in line. A. even though B. as though C. in case D. now that 10. For years, those journalists would describe the event in detail __________ they themselves had attended it. A. as though B. in case C. only if D. even though II. 短文改錯 Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people thought it can help people take regularly exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people more chances to take activities outdoor. However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, that disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also, be exposed to such loud noise may do a harm to their health in the long run. In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise, so dancers should take our neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less troubles for others. I .單項填空 1.B 【解析】考查狀語從句 句意上：這種藥只要你按要求服用肯定有益于你手術(shù)后的恢復的。＂providing…＂可以用來引導條件狀語從句表示＂只要……＂，符合題目語境，故B項正確。 3.B　【解析】考查狀語從句中連詞的選擇。句意：她說除非生意有改善，否則她將不得不關(guān)閉這家商店。unless意為＂除非＂，符合語境。 4.B　【解析】考查狀語從句中連詞的選擇。句意：她說除非生意有改善，否則她將不得不關(guān)閉這家商店。unless意為＂除非＂，符合語境。 【名師點睛】條件狀語從句就是在復合句中表示主句動作發(fā)生條件的狀語從句。引導條件狀語從句最經(jīng)常用的連詞是if，它的意思是＂如果＂； 也可以用unless引導：unless的意思是＂如果不＂＂除非＂，相當于if not。 5.B 【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：卡車對這座房子造成了嚴重的損害。我們最好保持原樣，等待警察到來。as引導方式狀語從句，意為＂按照……的方式＂。leave things as they are意為＂任其自然＂。 6. D 【解析】此處as if引導方式狀語從句，且從句應用虛擬語氣。主句用的是一般過去時，從句表示對過去情況的虛擬，故從句謂語形式為had done。所以選D。 7. A 【解析】句意：——你還記得許多年以前我們一起做的那次實驗嗎？——記得，就好像是我們昨天做的一樣。此處要用as if引導方式狀語從句，as if表示＂好像＂。even if引導讓步狀語從句，意為＂即使＂；only if＂只有＂；if only＂要是……就好了＂。 8. D 【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：女兒生氣地瞪著我，好像我是她邪惡的后媽一樣?？仗幈硎荆⑺坪?，好像＂，引導方式狀語從句。根據(jù)句意可知選D。 10. A 【解析】考查as though引導的方式狀語從句。句意：多少年來，那些記者們總是可以詳細地描述那起事件，就好像他們親自參與了一樣。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應用as though引導方式狀語從句。 II. 短文改錯 【答案】 Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most peopleit can help people takeexercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people ∧with more chances to take activities. However, some people argue that the music is very noisy,disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also,exposed to such loud noise may doaharm to their health in the long run. In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise,dancers should takeneighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause lessfor others. 【解析】 第一處：thought→think。本文的基本時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，且此處陳述客觀情況，應用一般現(xiàn)在時。 第二處：regularly→regular。許多人認為廣場舞能幫助人們經(jīng)常鍛煉。修飾名詞應用形容詞。regular"頻繁的，經(jīng)常的"。 第三處：people后加with。 provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth.，是固定搭配，意為"提供某物給某人，給某人提供某物"。 第四處：outdoor→outdoors。 廣場舞能給人們提供更多參加戶外活動的機會。outdoor是形容詞，意為"戶外的"；outdoors是副詞，意為"在戶外"。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應用副詞outdoors在句中作狀語。 第五處：that→which。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，指代上文中的"the music is very noisy"，故應用which。注意：that不能引導非限制性定語從句。 第六處：be→being。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應用動名詞短語作主語。故把be改為being。 第九處：our→their。此處指代的是廣場舞者，故應用their。下文中的"they"亦是提示。 第十處：troubles→trouble。trouble表示"麻煩，問題，困難"時是不可數(shù)名詞，故將troubles改為trouble。