摘 要當(dāng)前中國老齡化社會的壓力越來越大。項目針對老齡化社會護(hù)理人員多為女性且老式樓房沒有電梯的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計具備爬樓梯功能的電動輪椅，從而有效提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量。本次設(shè)計主要針對一種三星輪式電動爬樓梯輪椅的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計。首先，通過對電動爬樓輪椅結(jié)構(gòu)及原理進(jìn)行分析，在此分析基礎(chǔ)上提出了總體結(jié)構(gòu)方案；接著，對主要技術(shù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了計算選擇；然后，對各主要零部件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計與校核；最后，通過 AutoCAD 制圖軟件繪制了電動爬樓輪椅裝配圖及主要零部件圖。整個設(shè)計過程中包括其中的數(shù)據(jù)計算、傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計、電機(jī)等外購件選型、應(yīng)用環(huán)境、維護(hù)保養(yǎng)等方面進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。通過本次設(shè)計，鞏固了大學(xué)所學(xué)專業(yè)知識，如：機(jī)械原理、機(jī)械設(shè)計、材料力學(xué)、公差與互換性理論、機(jī)械制圖等；掌握了普通機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計方法并能夠熟練使用AutoCAD制圖軟件，對今后的工作于生活具有極大意義。關(guān)鍵詞：電動；爬樓；輪椅；行星輪AbstractWith the advent of an aging society and increase number in the disabilities persons ,the wheelchairs play a more important role in the living, the staircase can be seen everywhere in life limits the use of an ordinary wheelchair, the purpose of this study is to design affordable and reasonable ,safe and reliable performance . When walking on level ground as an ordinary electric wheelchair ,and in others on the stairs like a simple auxiliary function of electric stairs. Climbing stairs electric wheelchair is one kind of the service robots ,and it is the elderly and disabled peoples’ indispensable rehabilitation and transport ,To use a wheelchair old people and disabled people can physical exercise and participate in social activities .Considering the convenience of the elderly and the disabled peoples’ traveling ,researching and developing a climb stairs function wheelchair has the significant practical significance.The design will be up and down the stairs to the electric wheelchair design, to meet the legs disabled and elderly automatic staircase function. From the main design, structure design, including the data computation, the transmission system design, the motor and purchased parts selection, application, maintenance and other aspects of system design. And draw the electric wheelchair2D assembly drawing and parts drawing.Key words: Electric wheelchair Star wheel climbing device Structure design 目 錄摘 要 IAbstract II第 1 章 緒 論 .11.1 課題的研究背景及意義 .11.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 .11.2.1 履帶式 .11.2.2 星輪式 .21.2.3 腿足式 .21.2.4 復(fù)合式 .3第 2 章 總 體 方 案 設(shè) 計 52.1 總體類型選擇 .52.1.1 設(shè)計要求 .52.1.2 類型選擇 .52.2 總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 62.3 行星輪機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計 .72.3.1 行星輪總體結(jié)構(gòu)概述 .72.3.2 行星輪架的中心距 .72.3.3 小輪半徑 r 的范圍值 .8第 3 章 驅(qū) 動 機(jī) 構(gòu) 設(shè) 計 103.1 動力系統(tǒng)參數(shù)選擇 .103.2 驅(qū)動電機(jī)選擇 .103.2.1 驅(qū)動電機(jī)的類型選擇 .103.2.2 選擇驅(qū)動電機(jī)的功率 .103.3 蓄電池選擇 .123.4 計算傳動裝置的運(yùn)動和動力參數(shù) .133.4.1 各軸轉(zhuǎn)速 .133.4.2 各軸輸入功率 .133.4.3 各軸轉(zhuǎn)矩 .13第 4 章 主 要 零 件 設(shè) 計 計 算 144.1 齒輪傳動設(shè)計 .144.1.1 傳動比計算 .144.1.2 齒輪模數(shù)與齒數(shù)計算 .144.1.3 載荷系數(shù)計算 .164.1.4 幾何尺寸計算 .184.2 鏈傳動設(shè)計 184.2.1 鏈傳動設(shè)計計算 .194.2.2 鏈輪結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸設(shè)計 .214.3 軸及附件設(shè)計 .214.3.1 計算各軸的強(qiáng)度 .214.3.2 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 .224.3.3 軸的強(qiáng)度校核 .23結(jié) 論 25參 考 文 獻(xiàn) .26致 謝 27