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大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計 摘 要 雕刻機(jī)制作工藝日漸成熟，應(yīng)用范圍也日漸廣泛。大到樓房建筑的裝飾，小到商店門前的招牌，乃至很多產(chǎn)品的標(biāo)識銘牌，可謂雕刻的使用范圍無處不在。但雕刻機(jī)的價格均比較高,為了提高其普及率,設(shè)計開發(fā)一個經(jīng)濟(jì)、簡練的機(jī)械運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)是很具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)用價值的。 本文簡要地介紹了雕刻機(jī)的起源和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，分析了國內(nèi)外同類雕刻機(jī)的特點(diǎn)，說明了雕刻機(jī)的功能和使用范圍。綜合運(yùn)用機(jī)械設(shè)計制造和加工工藝等知識，提出了簡化雕刻機(jī)運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計思路。其次，討論和確定了本雕刻機(jī)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)布局。本雕刻的運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)包括了主運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)和進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)。其主運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)采用電機(jī)直接接刀具，省去中間傳動，而進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)是采用步進(jìn)電機(jī)帶動滾珠絲杠使部件在導(dǎo)軌上平移來實(shí)現(xiàn)三軸聯(lián)動。再次，對主電機(jī)的選用、滾珠絲杠、步進(jìn)電機(jī)以及導(dǎo)軌等主要零部件進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計與計算。本雕刻機(jī)有著安裝方便，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、新穎，制造成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可用于中小型雕刻機(jī)，對雕刻機(jī)價格具有一點(diǎn)的影響。 關(guān)鍵詞：雕刻機(jī)，運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)，三維 ABSTRACT Production technology of engraving machine has become mature and widely been used in many fields. The sculpture technology is used in the construction of the building decoration, small signs in front of the store, many products and logo nameplate. But the price of engraving machine is high; to be able to increase its penetration rate, design a mechanical system which is cheaper and brevity has a very important theoretical and practical value. This article briefly introduced the origin and the state-of-the –art of the engraving machine, analysed the similar characteristics of sculpture both at home and abroad, explained the functions and scope of use of the engraving machine. Firstly,a motion system design ideas was got by comprehensive using the knowledge such as mechanical design and manufacturing and processing technology. Secondly, the carving of the layout of the engraving machine are discussed and identified. The movement system of the sculpture, including the main movement system and feed movement.The main campaign directly to the electrical system used knives, eliminating the middle transmission, and the Progressive Movement system is used to the stepper motor driven ball screws so that components in the rails On the pan to achieve three-axis linkage. Finally, Selection of the main motor, ball screw, the stepper motor and rails, and other major components of a detailed are designed and calculationed. The engraving machine is easy to install, simple structure, new, and low cost manufacturing, can be used for small and medium-sized carving machine, the engraving machine with little impact on prices. Key words: engraving machines, motor system, 3D 目 錄 摘 要 - 0 - 目 錄 - 2 - 第一章 緒論 - 4 - 1.1 雕刻機(jī)的概述 - 4 - 1.2設(shè)計研制的雕刻機(jī)的特點(diǎn) - 4 - 1.3研制的雕刻機(jī)功能及使用范圍： - 5 - 第二章 系統(tǒng)分析與方案的訂制 - 6 - 2.1三維雕刻機(jī)的設(shè)計參數(shù) - 6 - 2.2雕刻機(jī)總體方案選擇 - 7 - 2.2.1總體布局要求[2] - 7 - 2.2.2總體方案確定 - 8 - 2.3雕刻機(jī)運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計 - 8 - 2.3.1坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的確定[2] - 9 - 2.3.2總體結(jié)構(gòu) - 10 - 2.3.3主運(yùn)動方案 - 10 - 2.3.4進(jìn)給運(yùn)動方案 - 10 - 第三章 主運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計及校核 - 11 - 3.1銑削力、扭矩和功率的計算[3][4] - 11 - 3.2鉆削力、扭矩和功率的計算[5] - 12 - 3.3主運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 - 14 - 3.3.1主運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)的方案[6] - 14 - 3.3.2主軸電機(jī)的設(shè)計計算[6][7] - 14 - 第四章 進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計計算 - 16 - 4.1 Z方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 - 16 - 4.1.1 Z方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)組成 - 16 - 4.1.2滾珠絲杠副的設(shè)計計算[8][9][10] - 16 - 4.1.3滾珠絲桿的校核 - 21 - 4.1.4 Z方向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的設(shè)計計算[11] - 24 - 4.1. 5聯(lián)軸器的選擇 - 25 - 4.1. 6 Z方向直線導(dǎo)軌副的設(shè)計計算[12] - 26 - 4.2 X方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 - 27 - 4.2.1 X方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)組成 - 27 - 4.2.2滾珠絲杠副的設(shè)計計算[8][9][10] - 28 - 4.2.3滾珠絲桿的校核 - 31 - 4.2.4 X方向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的設(shè)計計算[11] - 33 - 4.2.5聯(lián)軸器的選擇 - 35 - 4.2.6X方向直線導(dǎo)軌副的設(shè)計計算[12] - 35 - 4.3 Y方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 - 36 - 4.3.1 Y方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)組成 - 36 - 4.3.2滾珠絲杠副的設(shè)計計算[8][9][10] - 36 - 4.3.3滾珠絲桿的校核 - 39 - 4.3.4 Y方向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的設(shè)計計算[11] - 42 - 4.3.5聯(lián)軸器的選擇 - 43 - 4.3.6Y方向直線導(dǎo)軌副的設(shè)計計算[12] - 43 - 4.4 雕刻機(jī)設(shè)計參數(shù)的確定 - 44 - 結(jié) 論 - 45 - 參考文獻(xiàn) - 46 - 致 謝 - 47 - 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）資料 - 48 -