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沈陽化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 致謝
摘要
機床是講加工成機械零件的金屬坯料，它是一臺機器的制造機器，也被稱為工具機，所以習(xí)慣上稱為機床。制造機械在現(xiàn)代機械制造有很多方法：除切削加工外，鑄造、鍛造、焊接、沖壓、擠壓等都是加工方法，具有較高的精度和表面粗糙度的要求是細部件，通常需要在機床上用切割方法做最后的處理。
自20世紀中葉，全球加工技術(shù)及其設(shè)備占據(jù)在制造過程中的一個重要的位置：80％以上的在制造設(shè)備的零件應(yīng)進行加工，并且加工周期長，約占30-40％，產(chǎn)品的量產(chǎn)工時40-50％，處理成本高，大約100萬噸鋼鐵和有色金屬材料的切削，切削加工的耗費每年在2500億美元以上。
本次設(shè)計主要對機床的主軸箱進行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計，確定主參數(shù)設(shè)計的機床，擬定了傳輸方案和系統(tǒng)圖等主要內(nèi)容，對計算和驗算主要零件，采用三維繪圖軟件設(shè)計的零部件和加工。機床主軸箱是重要的驅(qū)動部分。它將機床電動機和主軸聯(lián)接起來，將被傳遞到主軸由電機的功率和扭矩，從而使主軸旋轉(zhuǎn)來加工。它的主要功能是通過變速裝置的調(diào)整主軸轉(zhuǎn)速和扭矩，從而使電機運行在最佳狀態(tài)。
關(guān)鍵詞： 主軸箱; 變速; 齒輪
Abstract
Machine tool is speak metal blank processed into the machine parts of the machine, it is a machine manufacturing machine, also known as machine tool, so customarily referred to as the machine tool. Processing machinery parts in modern mechanical manufacturing processing method are many, in addition to machining, casting, forging, welding, stamping, extrusion, etc., with high accuracy and surface roughness requirements are thin parts, typically require on machine tools with cutting method for final processing.
Since the middle of the 20th century, the global processing technology and its equipment occupies an important position in the process of manufacturing: more than 80% of the parts in manufacturing equipment to carry on the processing, and processing cycle is long, accounts for about 30-40%, new product development cycle of product mass production hours 40-50%, the high cost of processing, the world about 100 million tons of steel and nonferrous materials into cutting, cutting the cost of above $250 billion a year. So the machine tool industry is the base of equipment industry, the developed countries in the world attaches great importance to its development, machine tool production continues to grow, machine output and consumption are rapid development situation of our country.
Woke up this design is mainly aimed at machine tool spindle box design, determination of main parameters design main content of machine tool, the transmission scheme and system diagram drawn up, the main parts for the calculation and checking, using 3 d drawing software to design and processing of the parts. Machine tools spindle box is important in driving part. The machine motor and spindle connected together, will be passed on to the main shaft by a motor power and torque, so that the spindle rotation to machining. Its main function is through the speed change device adjusting the spindle speed and torque, so that the motor running in the best state.
Key words: spindle box; Variable speed; gear.
目 錄
第一章 引言 1
1.1 普通車床簡介 1
1.2 普通車床使用條件 2
1.3 普通車床操作規(guī)程 3
1.3.1 開車前的檢查 3
1.3.2 操作程序 3
1.3.3 停車操作 4
1.3.4 運行中的注意事項 4
第二章 主軸箱結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 5
2.1傳動設(shè)計 5
2.1.1確定轉(zhuǎn)速極速 5
2.1.3繪制轉(zhuǎn)速圖 7
2.1.4齒輪齒數(shù)的估算 9
2.1.5帶輪直徑的確定 10
第三章 動力計算 11
3.1電機功率的確定 11
3.2主軸的估算 11
3.2.1主軸前端軸頸的直徑D1 11
3.2.2主軸的后軸頸D2 12
3.3中間傳動軸的初算 12
3.3.2計算轉(zhuǎn)速N j的確定 12
3.3.3各軸傳遞功率的確定 13
3.4 齒輪模數(shù)的估算 14
3.5各軸直徑及各齒輪齒數(shù)的確定 14
第四章 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 17
4.1 齒輪的軸向布置 17
4.2 傳動軸及其上傳動元件的布置 18
4.2.1 Ⅰ軸的設(shè)計 18
4.2.2 Ⅱ軸的設(shè)計 18
4.2.3 Ⅲ軸的設(shè)計 19
4.2.4 Ⅳ軸的設(shè)計 19
4.2.5 Ⅴ軸的設(shè)計 20
4.2.6 主軸的設(shè)計 21
4.3 主軸的強度校核 22
4.3.1低6級傳動時強度驗算 22
4.3.2高6級傳動時強度計算 24
總結(jié) 26
參考文獻 27
致謝 28
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