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英語課件 牛津版高一模塊一Unit2 Grammarandusage 1 Helpstudentsknowmoreaboutattributiveclauses 2 Helpstudentsknowtheattributiveclausesintroducedby preposition which whom 3 Helpstudentsknowhowtousetherelativeadverbstobegintheattributiveclauses Learninggoals 1 Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep which 2 Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep whom Attributiveclausesintroducedby preposition which whom Whatarethepictureusedfor TheyarepicturesfromwhichyoucanknowmoreaboutthegrowingpainsinUnittwo Look HereisamapfromwhichwecanknowmoreaboutChina Whatisthis Itisawonderfulsceneryfromwhichwecanknowmuchaboutthemountains Lookatthem Theylovestheirkidsomuch ButIdon tliketheway inwhich that theytreattheirkid 關系代詞作介詞賓語 不論是在限制性定語從句中 還是在非限制性定語從句中 當介詞前置時 只能用whom指人 which指物 但如果介詞后置 則不受這種限制 關系代詞還可以省去 特別是在口語中 如 介詞 關系代詞引導的定語從句 1 Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking 2 Doyouknowtheboy that shewastalkingto 3 Thepencil which that hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke 3 介詞的選用原則1 根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的習慣搭配來決定 如 ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8yuan spendmoneyonsth 為固定搭配 paymoneyforsth 為固定搭配 2 根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣來決定 如 IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere 強調在具體某一天要用介詞on 強調在某幾天時間內要用介詞during 在month前介詞要用in 3 根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關系 Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles 4 根據(jù)從句中形容詞的習慣搭配 CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI mnotsure 4 含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開 介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面 如 lookfor lookafter takecareof等 Thisisthewatch which that Iamlookingfor 這是我正在找的手表 ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking 正 誤 Thebabies whom who that thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy 那個保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康 Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy 正 誤 5 以theway為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常由inwhich或that引導 而且通常可以省略 如 Theway that inwhich heansweredthequestionswassurprising 他回答這些問題的方式令人驚奇 Idon tliketheway that inwhich youlaughather 我不喜歡你嘲笑她的樣子 6 介詞 關系代詞 前或后還可有some any none all both neither many most each few等代詞或者數(shù)詞 如 Heloveshisparentsdeeply bothofwhomareverykindtohim 他深深地愛著他的父母 他們倆待他都很好 Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples someofwhich ofwhichsome havegonebad 籃子里有好些蘋果 有些已經壞了 Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall mostofwhom ofwhommost arefrombigcities 我們班總共有40個學生 大多數(shù)來自大城市 Uptonow hehaswrittentenstories threeofwhich ofwhichthree areaboutcountrylife 迄今為止 他寫了10部小說 其中 部是關于農村生活的 高考鏈接 介詞加關系代詞引導的定語從句 1 Theplace thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe thecross rivertrafficistheheaviest A which whereB atwhich whichC atwhich whereD which inwhich 2 Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool hewentontoCambridge A fromwhichB afterthatC afterwhichD fromthis 簡析 題1 theplace在定語從句中作tobebuilt的地點狀語 此處的atwhich相當于where 后面是表語從句 表示建在某地 題2 表示讀完當?shù)氐恼Z法學校后去劍橋深造 故選C 3 Ihavemanyfriends somearebusinessmen A ofthemB fromwhichC whoofD ofwhom 4 Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas shehadrunbackinthedirection shehadcome A ofwhichB bywhichC inwhichD fromwhich Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses A towhichB towhomC withwhomD withwhich 6 Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking thefirst Ireallyenjoyed A ofthatB ofwhichC thatD which題3 4 5 6考查考生對 介詞 關系代詞 引導的定語從句的掌握及其靈活運用情況 1 Doyoulikethebook shespent 10 2 Doyoulikethebook shepaid 10 onwhich Useproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks forwhich Practicetwo 3 Doyoulikethebook shelearnedalot 4 Doyoulikethebook sheoftentalks 5 Chinahasalotofrivers thesecondlongest istheYellowRiver fromwhich aboutwhich ofwhich 6 Theman Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling 7 Thisisthebook Iamlookingfor towhom which Choosethebestanswer 1 Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently A whoB asC aboutwhichD withwhom 2 TheEnglishplay mystudentsactedattheNewYear spartywasagreatsuccess A forwhichB atwhichC inwhichD onwhich 3 Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf fivearemine A onwhichB inwhichC ofwhichD fromwhich 4 Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths thesailingtimewas226days A ofwhichB duringwhichC fromwhichD forwhich Matcheachsentencewithanending Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 c d b a e h f g Completeeachsentenceusinganattributiveclause Answers 1 2 3 4 5 which Iknowverylittleabout inwhichIboughtmyfavoritedress aboutwhichItoldyouaboutlastweek FromwhomIgotthecup Fromwhowelearnhowtowritewithbrushes Theattributiveclauseintroducedbywhen whereandwhy Look Whatdayisittoday Whyaretheygettingtogetheragain TodayisMarch 12thwhenpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees Whereisit Itisthebasketballcourt Itisaplacewherewecanplaybasketballindoors ThatisMrs Greenandshehasaskedforaleaveforhergivingabirthtoherkid Thatisthereasonwhyshedoesn tcometoworkasusual 1 定語從句中關系副詞有 when where why2 關系副詞在定語從句中所作的成份 關系副詞在定語從句中都作狀語 when作時間狀語 where作地點狀語 why作原因狀語 如 定語從句中關系副詞的用法 Herememberthedaywhenhisfatherdied IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime when作時間狀語 意為ontheday where作地點狀語 意為intheplace why作原因狀語 意為forthereason 3 并非先行詞是表示時間 地點和原因的詞時都用when where why 若先行詞在定語從句中不作狀語 而是作主語或賓語 就必須用which或that 如 Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside which在定語從句中作賓語 比較 Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside when在定語從句中作時間狀語 相當于onthedays Webelievethereasonthathetoldus 比較 Thereasonwhy forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown 4 關系副詞when where和why也可用 介詞 which 來代替 要注意其先行詞 名詞 與介詞的合理搭配 介詞根據(jù)先行詞或定語從句的謂語動詞來確定 when相當于 at in during which where相當于 in at on which why相當于 for which 如 Isthisthedaywhen onwhichIvisitedthemuseum Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere onwhichhecaneasilyfindit Thisisthereasonwhy forwhichhedidn tcometothemeeting I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague 句中when相當于onwhich where在定語從句中作地點狀語 相當于 介詞 關系代詞 which 如 ThisistheroomwhereLuXunoncelived 句中when相當于inwhich Detailedexplanation When在定語從句中作時間狀語 相當于 介詞 關系代詞 which 如 why在定語從句中作原因狀語 相當于 介詞for 關系代詞 which 如 Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate Itrainedheavily forwhichhewaslatefortheclass 思考 是否所有的介詞 關系代詞都能用關系副詞代替 1 Thepainting Ilooked waspaintedbyme 2 Thebook Iheard waswrittentwentyyearsago atwhich aboutwhich 3 Thepen shewrotethatbook cannowbeseeninamuseum 4 Kunmingisabeautifulplace flowersareseenalltheyearround 5 Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse thegreatwriterusedtolive withwhich where inwhich where inwhich 6 Iwillneverforgottheday Ifirstmetyouontheship 7 Thefilm Ifellasleep wasveryboring 結論 只有當 介詞 關系代詞 充當?shù)攸c狀語 時間狀語或原因狀語時 才能用關系副詞代替 onwhich when duringwhich 注意 關系副詞與關系代詞在定語從句中的關系 介詞 關系代詞 在從句中作狀語相當于一個關系副詞 如 王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠 這個句子有以下三種表達方式 Thefactorythat whichMr Wangworksinisashoeone ThefactoryinwhichMr Wangworksisashoeone ThefactorywhereMr Wangworksisashoeone 他將永遠記住他入團的那天 Hewillforeverrememberthedaythat whichhejoinedtheLeagueon 2 HewillforeverrememberthedayonwhichhejoinedtheLeague 3 HewillforeverrememberthedaywhenhejoinedtheLeague 考點點撥 考例回顧1 Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions P28 考點 在定語從句中 如果先行詞是人 介詞后面的關系代詞用whom 介詞 whom在定語從句中作狀語 考例1 Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses towhichB towhomC withwhomD withwhich 點撥 句意 我們看到幾個當?shù)厝顺覀冏邅?其中一個人來到我們面前 我們給了他一些鈴鐺和杯子 該句先行詞是oneofthem 定語從句和先行詞被謂語cameuptous隔開 根據(jù)短語givesth tosb 此處應用towhom來引導定語從句 考例2 Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently A whoB asC aboutwhichD withwhom 點撥 該句先行詞是someone talkabout意為 談論 談到 talkwith意為 和 談話 根據(jù)句意 應為talkwithsomeone 故選D 2 ThisistheshopinwhichIboughtmyfavouritedress P29 考點 在定語從句中 如果先行詞是物 介詞后面的關系代詞用which 介詞 which在定語從句中作狀語 可表示時間 地點 原因 方式等 考例1 Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes peoplewereeatenbythetiger A inwhichB bywhichC whichD that 點撥 句意 很多看過這部電影的人 當回想起人被老虎吃掉的情景時 就不敢去森林了 分析句意可知 人被老虎吃掉的情景 出現(xiàn)在電影畫面里 即inthescenes 故選A 考例2 Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree theycanbecontrolledonpurposeA withwhichB towhichC ofwhichD forwhich 點撥 句意 人與動物面部表情的區(qū)別在于有意控制的程度 該句先行詞是thedegree degree前面的介詞一般用to 意為 到 程度 所以此處應選B 3 Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed 考點 當先行詞具有 地點 意義時 可考慮用關系副詞where來引導定語從句 where在從句中作地點狀語 考例1 Somepre schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter theylearnsimplegamesandsongs A thenB thereC whileD where 點撥 這是一個定語從句 先行詞是adaycarecenter 表示地點 故選where 考例2 Thevillagehasdevelopedalot welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago A whenB whichC thatD where 點撥 該句先行詞是Thevillage 定語從句和先行詞被謂語hasdevelopedalot隔開 從句中缺地點狀語 故選where 1 Ishallneverforgetthoseyears Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers hasagreateffectonmylife A that whichB when whichC which thatD when who 即學即練 2 AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown hegrewupasachild A whichB thatC whereD when 3 Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage A untilB thatC whenD where 4 Isthisthereason atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork A heexplainedB whatheexplainedC howheexplainedD whyheexplained 5 Therewas time Ihatedtogotoschool A a thatB a whenC the thatD the when 6 IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5 30p m manypeoplehavegothome A whosetimeB thatC onwhichD bywhich 7 RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase wasveryreasonable A whichpriceB thepriceofwhichC itspriceD thepriceofwhose 8 Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently A whoB asC aboutwhichD withwhom 9 TheEnglishplay mystudentsactedattheNewYear spartywasagreatsuccess A forwhichB atwhichC inwhichD onwhich 10 Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf fivearemine A onwhichB inwhichC ofwhichD fromwhich Istillremembertheday Icamehere 2 Istillremembertheday Icamehere 3 Istillremembertheday wespenttogether onwhich when which that Finishthefollowingexercises Iwenttotheplace weworkedtenyearsago 2 Iwenttotheplace weworkedtenyearsago 3 Iwenttotheplace wevisitedtenyearsago inwhich where which that Thisisthereason hewaslate 2 Thisisthereason heexplainedtome 3 Thisisthereason canexplainhisbeinglate why forwhich which that which that Fillintheblanksusingthewordsandphrasesonpage31 Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 why forwhich when inwhich where inwhich why forwhich where inwhich when onwhich Thankyou