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教案 第一部分 語法 一 時(shí)態(tài) 1 大家知道英語中有幾種時(shí)態(tài)么？說說你知道的時(shí)態(tài)？ 2 時(shí)態(tài)的變化體現(xiàn)在什么上呢？ 我今天踢足球。 I play football today. 我昨天踢足球。 I played football yesterday. 我明天將踢足球。I will play football tomorrow. 時(shí)態(tài)=時(shí)間+體態(tài)（狀態(tài)） 時(shí)態(tài)定義：在不同的時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)需要用動(dòng)詞的不同形式表示出來，動(dòng)詞的這種不同形式就構(gòu)成了時(shí)態(tài)。 一般體 完成體 進(jìn)行體 完成進(jìn)行體 現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去時(shí) 將來時(shí) 過去將來時(shí) 今天我們重點(diǎn)講解現(xiàn)在時(shí)中的兩個(gè)體態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) a構(gòu)成（動(dòng)詞的變化） 主語是第一，二或者復(fù)數(shù)的時(shí)候用 動(dòng)詞的原形。 i feel very happy. We feel very happy. 主語為單數(shù)第三人稱的時(shí)候，動(dòng)詞加s 或者es（以原音結(jié)尾）。輔音+y時(shí) 把y變成I 再加es. She feels very happy. She goes to school every day. Carry--- carries study---studies B 用法 4種 1 表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性反復(fù)性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 我們每天吃三頓飯。 We have three meals every day. 媽媽每天晚上8點(diǎn)睡覺。My mother goes to bed at 8 every night. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與時(shí)間狀語連用，如 usually, often, always, everyday, sometimes, once a month，on Mondays. 2 表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。 太陽從東方升起。 The sun rises in the East. 知識就是力量。 Knowledge is power. 3 表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 車來啦！ Here comes the bus. 我感覺很累。 I feel very tired . 4 按照時(shí)間表，計(jì)劃，規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的事。常與動(dòng)詞; go, come, arrive ,leave, start, begin 等連用。 e.g.火車8點(diǎn)30發(fā)車，9點(diǎn)30到達(dá)。The train leaves at 8:30 and arrives at 9:30. 考試易錯(cuò)題型： e.g.如果明天是晴天，我們將去野餐。 If it will be fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. 錯(cuò)，在條件狀語從句中和時(shí)間狀語從句中，從句如表示將來的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。 e.g.你下次來的時(shí)候，給我?guī)妆倦s志。 When you come next time, bring me some magazines. 【經(jīng)典例題】 1 ——Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?(2008 上海) ——Terry? Never! She ____ tents and fresh air. A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates 2 As you can see, the number of cars on our roads____ rising these days.(2006 全國一) A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping 3 The machine ___. It’s hasn’t worked for years. (2006 浙江) A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working 4 Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ____ off at 18:20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 5 The father as well as his three children_____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.（2006遼寧） A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,_________inthe clothingindustry.（2005遼寧） A. isworking B. works C. work D. worked 7 I ___ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.(2010,遼寧) A will do B do C am doing D had done 2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) a 構(gòu)成 be+現(xiàn)在分詞 am/is/are+doing b 用法 4種 1 說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 e.g.此刻外面正在下雪。 It is snowing outside now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常和時(shí)間狀語連用;now, right now, at this moment, at present 等。 2 表示現(xiàn)階段某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，但說話時(shí)未必正在進(jìn)行。 e.g.近來我在農(nóng)場上幫父親的忙。 I am helping my father on the farm these days. 3 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，和動(dòng)詞go, come, leave, start, arrive等連用。 e.g.有多少同學(xué)來參加會(huì)議？How many students are coming to the meeting? 4 表示某種感情色彩。與always, constantly, continually, forever, usually 等副詞連用。 e.g. She is always making the same mistakes. 她老是犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。 She is always helping others when they are in trouble. 在別人有麻煩時(shí)她總是愛幫忙。（贊美） 高考在線 1 ---I’m not finished with my dinner yet. --- But our friends ____ for us.(2010,北京) A will wait B wait C have waited D are waiting 2 it is reported that many a new house___ at present in the disaster area. A are being built B were being built C was being D is being built 二 以ing 和ed 結(jié)尾的形容詞 Amaze amazing amazed e.g. We were （amazed） at the（ amazing ）speed. 我們對這個(gè)令人吃驚的速度感到吃驚。 以ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞通常表示事物給人的感覺，意為 令人。。。的。是主動(dòng)的形式，通常修飾物 以ed 結(jié)尾的形容詞表示 人對事物的感覺，意為 對，，感到。。的。是被動(dòng)的形式，通常修飾人。 類似形容詞 Embarrass embarrassing embarrassed Excite exciting excited Interest interesting interested Surprise surprising surprised 但是有的動(dòng)詞只有現(xiàn)在分詞形式的形容詞，如 missing 有的動(dòng)詞只有過去分詞形式的形容詞，married, seated, lost, broken,crowded. 高考鏈接 1 ____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.(2009,浙江) A to be tired B Tired C Tiring D Being tired 2 Though ___ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.(2010,全國2) A suprising B was surprised C surprised D being surprised Though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句為省略句，同一個(gè)主語，且謂語動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞，可以把主語和be動(dòng)詞省略。 3 Every evening after dinner,if not___ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. (2009, 湖南) A being tired B tiring C tired D to be tired 第二部分 重點(diǎn)句型 1)否定前移 I don’t think I will be bored in Mrs Shen’s class!我認(rèn)為上沈老師的課我是不會(huì)感到厭倦的！ 英語中有些動(dòng)詞，如think, believe, expect, suppose, feel, guess, imagine 等，當(dāng)它們后面接一個(gè)具有否定意義的賓語從句時(shí)，通常要把主句的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?，而賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。這種現(xiàn)象稱為否定的轉(zhuǎn)移.(條件： a. 主語是I 或we b.主句謂語動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) 但翻譯的時(shí)候仍將賓語從句譯成否定意義， 注：在反意疑問句中，若陳述部分是第一人稱時(shí)，think等詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，則疑問部分需與從句中的主語和謂語保持一致，否則要與主句的主語和謂語保持一致。 如：I dont think its going to rain tomorrow, is it? 我認(rèn)為明不會(huì)下雨，對嗎？ 　　You dont think I have made mistakes, do you? 你并不認(rèn)為我犯了什么錯(cuò)誤，是嗎？ ①I don’t suppose anyone will be willing to do it, __________? A. do I ? B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they ②Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design digital camera, ______? A. is he B. isn’t he C. doesn’t she D. does she 3 I never thought that he was good at mathematics,___?(2010,上海部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬) A was he B wasn’t he C did he D didn’t he 4 we don’t suppose that he will come late,____? A do we B don’t we C will he D won’t he 2)倍數(shù)表達(dá) In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys.換句話說，女生人數(shù)是男生的三倍。 As…as 表示 和…一樣大 this room is as big as that one. As 之間為形容詞或副詞的原級，否定句中第一個(gè)as可以換成so. e.g. I have seldom seen my mother ___ pleased with my progress as she is now.(2010, 課標(biāo)全國1) A so B very C too D rather . as…as…表示倍數(shù)句型 A is as+ adj. +as B A和B…一樣 A is not as/so+ adj +as B A不如B…… A is half as…as B A是B的…的一半 A is …times as…as B A是B的…倍 【經(jīng)典例句】 In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.換句話說，女生人數(shù)是男生的三倍。 Jack is not so clever as his sister. 杰克不如他姐姐聰明。 This pencil is half as long as that one. 這支鉛筆是那只鉛筆長度的一半。 Their room is four times as large as ours. 他們的房子是我們的4倍大 注意倍數(shù)的英語表達(dá)： 　?、貯 + be+倍數(shù) +as+ adj. +as+B 　　Asia is four times as large as Europe. 　　亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。 　?、贏+be+倍數(shù)+ 比較級+than+B 　　Asia is three times larger than Europe. 　　亞洲比歐洲大三倍。 　?、跘+be+倍數(shù)+the size/length/height/depth/width+ of+ B 　　Asia is four times the size of Europe. 　　亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。 【即學(xué)即練】 D ①At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ________ Great Britain. A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 【高考試題鏈接】 C 1 Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itis____itislong. 2005湖北 A． halfnotaswideas B． widenotashalfas C． nothalfaswideas D． aswideasnothalf B2Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewas____thatoftheirs. 2008陜西 A.astwicelargeasB.twiceaslargeas C.twiceasmuchasD.astwicemuchas B3Johnisthetallestboyintheclass, _____accordingtohimself. (2005 安徽) A.fivefooteightastallas B.astallasfivefooteight C.asfivefooteighttallas D.astallfivefooteightas 4 Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost___ his.（2009，遼寧) A as much twice as B twice as much as C much as twice as D as twice much as 3)區(qū)分同位語I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing. A city 和 Shijiazhuang 是并列關(guān)系，not far from Beijing 作a city 的后置定語。 同位語是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充。 Barack Obama, the son of a black father and a white American mother, was born in Honolulu. 4）據(jù)說。。。 They say that girls are usually more hard-working than boys. It is said that girls are usually more hard-working than boys. Girls are said to be usually more hard-working that boys. 拓展 It is reported that…據(jù)報(bào)道… It is hoped that 人們希望… It is believed that 人們相信 It is thought that.. 人們認(rèn)為 It is supposed that 據(jù)推測。。 It is well-known that 眾所周知。。。 高考鏈接 1 it is often ___ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.(2009,全國2) A said B to say C saying D being said 第三部分 重點(diǎn)詞組 1 More than 原句： there are 65students in my class—more than my previous class in Junior High. More than 多達(dá)。。。，。。以上 More than+數(shù)詞，超過。。。 there are more than 30 students . More than+名詞，不僅僅。China Daily is more than a newspaper. It can help us learn English. More than+句子，構(gòu)成比較狀語從句。I have more books than he(does). More…than…與其說。。。不如說。。。 don’t be too hard on him. He’s more misled than stupid.不要對他太苛刻，與其說他愚蠢，倒不如說他被誤導(dǎo)了。 Rather than 而不是。The parents should be blamed rather than the children. Other than 除了 he claims not to own anything other than his home.他聲稱除了家一無所有。 it took ___ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains,too.(2009,浙江) A other than B more thanC thanD less than 2 Far from 遠(yuǎn)離，離。。很遠(yuǎn); 一點(diǎn)也不，遠(yuǎn)非，后面常接形容詞或者名詞。 不加具體數(shù)字，加數(shù)字時(shí)用far away from.距離….遠(yuǎn) The airport is far from my home. What he said is far from the truth. Far from helping the situation, you’ve just made it worse. 你非但對情況沒有什么幫助，反而弄得更糟糕。 as far as 遠(yuǎn)到。。。The flood waters had come up as far as the house . as far as I know,據(jù)我所知，as far as I know, the whole thing should cost about 500 dollars. As far as sth is concerned, 就某事而言。 This had been a difficult period as far as the German economy is concerned. So far 到目前為止，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 e.g. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is __ ideal.(2010,江蘇) A next to B far from C out of D due to Take part in區(qū)分join in / join/ attend Take part in 參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，并且在其中起作用。We often take part in physical labour. Join in 參加小型活動(dòng)，如游戲，唱歌，討論等. We shall be glad to join in the discussion. Join 加入 黨派，社會(huì)團(tuán)體。He joined the army two years ago. Attend 出席，參加會(huì)議，婚禮，葬禮，上課等. He had decided to attend her wedding. e.g the boy__ the club and ____ a lot of activities in his spare time. A took part in; join B joined; took part in C joined; took part in D joined in; took part in 第四部分 重點(diǎn)單詞 1 Appear 系動(dòng)詞Appear 作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是不及物的，意為出現(xiàn)。 As soon as she appears, we can get start. Appear 還可以作為系動(dòng)詞，意為 似乎，顯得 He appeared disappointed when I left. He didn’t want to appear a fool. 系動(dòng)詞 連接主語和表示主語身份，性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，一般可跟名詞，形容詞等作表語。系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。 還有：be feel look smell keep continue remain. 2Information　　不可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞沒有數(shù)的變化，不能直接用數(shù)詞或不定冠詞修飾。一般用some, much, a lot of, lots of, a little 等數(shù)量形容詞表示，Some information. A lot of money.也可以用適當(dāng)?shù)牧吭~作單位表示。A piece of information. Two pieces of information. 類似：news, advice, equipment , furniture, fun News 與Information的區(qū)別 Information 注重消息的內(nèi)容 News 側(cè)重消息的 新 3Cover 一詞多義 包括。 His report covered all aspects of the problem. 掩飾。The prisoner tried to cover the fact. 占據(jù)。 Our school covers 3 square miles. 行過（路程）. They stopped for the night after covering a distance of 500li。 報(bào)道（事件）。 All important events in the world are covered in China Daily. 夠付。。。費(fèi)用。Will 100yuan cover the cost of the chair?100元夠付椅子錢么？ Cover 與 interview的區(qū)別 Cover 報(bào)道的對象是 事件. He was sent to cover the event. Interview采訪的對象是人。He was sent to interview the manager. 高考鏈接 1 –do you have enough to ___ all your daily expense? ---Oh yes, enough and to spare.(2009,山東) A cover B spend C fill D offer 2 All the leading newspaper ___ the trade talks between China and the United States. A covered B interviewed C printed D published 3 the wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__ the desert. A covering B covered C cover D to cover