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摘要 隨著我國(guó)科技建設(shè)的不斷推進(jìn) 我國(guó)在生產(chǎn)等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的建設(shè) 規(guī)模也在不斷擴(kuò)大 同時(shí)促進(jìn)了我國(guó)機(jī)械化建設(shè)水平的提高 所以 先進(jìn)的機(jī)械設(shè)備將會(huì)成為促進(jìn)施工速度的重要保障 同時(shí)也是保障 工程質(zhì)量的物質(zhì)保證 起重機(jī)械在煤礦 碼頭等實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化 自動(dòng)化 以及提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)量方面發(fā)揮了重要作用 起重機(jī)械一般以間歇 重 復(fù)的方法進(jìn)行工作 取物裝置的起升 下降或者平移等完成運(yùn)送貨物 在工作進(jìn)行中 工作范圍相對(duì)來說較大 且危險(xiǎn)因素較多 因此 在起重機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì) 制造過程中 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)要素就 相對(duì)重要 主要設(shè)計(jì)參考的幾個(gè)要素包括 起重繩索 絞車及錨碇 輪胎起重機(jī)和汽車起重機(jī) 纜索起重機(jī) 樁基 構(gòu)件裝卸運(yùn)輸與堆 放等 設(shè)備管理是企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的重要環(huán)節(jié) 通過各種技術(shù) 經(jīng)濟(jì)和組織等 措施 對(duì)現(xiàn)有設(shè)備進(jìn)行規(guī)劃 設(shè)計(jì) 使用 維修 改造 直至完全報(bào)廢 等全過程的管理 我國(guó)對(duì)安全生產(chǎn)方面一直都相當(dāng)重視 但是在執(zhí)行和客觀的條 件方面都有許多不確定的不安全因素 尤其是在人為方面 由于生 產(chǎn)者忽視安全生產(chǎn)的作用 往往會(huì)造成很大的安全事故 我們應(yīng)該 從這些相當(dāng)重大的生產(chǎn)事故中吸取教訓(xùn) 防患于未然 最根本的最 重要的就是從起重機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)和管理等一些方面做起 保證產(chǎn)品的 質(zhì)量 盡量減少事故的發(fā)生 關(guān)鍵詞 起升機(jī)構(gòu) 小車運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu) 門式起重機(jī) Abstract With the continuous advance of China s economic construction manufacturing and other areas of the building are getting bigger while promoting improvement in the level of mechanization Therefore advanced machinery and equipment has become an important guarantee to promote the construction speed but also ensure the quality of the material guarantee Lifting machinery in the mines docks and other mechanization automation and improve labor productivity has played an important role Lifting generally intermittent repetitive approach to work extract lifting devices down or panning etc to achieve delivery of goods In the course of their work the scope of work is relatively large and a lot of risk factors So in crane design manufacturing process design parameters and design elements is quite important the main design elements of reference include lifting rope all kinds of pulleys winches and anchor mast truck crane stack components such as transportation and handling Device management is an important part of business through a variety of technical economic and organizational measures for existing equipment planning design manufacture installation use maintenance alteration until the retirement of the whole process of management Management objective is to obtain a better job running effect that is we should give full play to the effectiveness of the device but also the pursuit cycle cost of the most economical Our country has always attached great importance to production safety but in the execution command and objective conditions there are many uncertain factors of insecurity especially in human terms because producers ignore the role of production safety often cause significant security incidents We should start with the production of these major accidents learn and take preventive measures the most important of the most fundamental is from the crane design manufacture use and management to start a series of aspects to ensure product quality as far as possible reduce accidents construction mechanization and automation are also rising with this adaptation of crane technology is developing rapidly increasing product range range more widely Key Words Hoisting mechanism Trolley run institutions Gantry crane 目 錄 第一章 引言 1 1 1 門式起重機(jī)的用途以及工作特點(diǎn) 1 1 2 門式起重機(jī)分類及其應(yīng)用 1 1 3 門式起重機(jī)的主要參數(shù) 2 1 4 門式起重機(jī)的表示方法 3 1 5 門式起重機(jī)的選用 3 1 6 門式起重機(jī)的傳動(dòng)過程和工作原理 4 1 7 門式起重機(jī)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究歷史與現(xiàn)狀 4 1 8 本次起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)圖 5 第二章計(jì)算 6 2 1 載荷情況 6 2 1 1 正常的載荷 6 2 1 2 工作最大載荷 7 2 1 3 非工作最大載荷 7 2 2 起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)算依據(jù) 8 2 2 1 起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù) 8 2 2 2 起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) 8 2 3 起重機(jī)截面特性設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 9 2 31 主梁截面幾何設(shè)計(jì) 9 2 3 2 支腿截面特性 10 2 4 主梁設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及校核 12 2 4 1 主梁計(jì)算載荷與內(nèi)力 12 2 4 2 主梁強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 16 2 4 3 主梁工字鋼下翼緣局部集中應(yīng)力 161x z2xz3 2 4 4 合成應(yīng)力 17 2 5 支腿設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及校核 19 2 5 1 支腿幾何參數(shù) 19 2 5 2 支腿強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 20 2 5 3 主梁剛度計(jì)算 23 結(jié)束語 24 致謝 25 參考文獻(xiàn) 26 附錄 27