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Module 4 Which English?,核心單詞,1. tell v.講出，辨認出。常和情態(tài)動詞can, could等連用。 常用結(jié)構: tell .apart 區(qū)分開 tell A from B 說出A和B的區(qū)別 tell the differences between A and B 說出A和B之間的不同 to tell the truth 說實話 tell sb. about/of sth. 告訴某人某事 tell a lie 撒謊,Usually children can’t always tell good and evil apart. 通常小孩分不清善惡。 One should know how to tell right from wrong. 一個人應知道如何區(qū)分正誤。 To tell the truth, Tom shouldn’t have been told off at the meeting yesterday. 說實話，昨天在會上湯姆本不該受到責備。 2. acquire vt. （經(jīng)過努力或過程）取得，得到;學到（知識等）；（逐步）養(yǎng)成（習慣等） The company has acquired a new office building in central New York. 這家公司在紐約市中心買了一幢新辦公樓。 He acquired a knowledge of English by careful study. 他通過認真學習掌握了英語。 He acquires a habit of surfing on the Internet every day. 他養(yǎng)成了每天上網(wǎng)的習慣。,聯(lián)想拓展,acquired adj.后天的;已成習慣的 acquirement n.獲得;學到的東西;學識,3. convince vt.使確信，使信服;使認識到錯誤或罪行 常用結(jié)構: convince sb. of sth. =convince sb. thatclause使某人相信…… be convinced of sth. =be convinced thatclause深信…… convince sb. to do sth.說服某人做某事 We finally convinced them of our innocence. 我們終于使他們相信我們是清白的。 Her smile convinced us that she had passed the test. 她的微笑使我們相信她已經(jīng)通過了測驗。 He convinced me to go with him.他說服我和他一起去。,聯(lián)想拓展,convinced adj.深信的;確信的 convincing adj.令人信服的 What he said is convincing. 他的話令人信服。,易混辨析,convince/persuade convince主要指通過事實、證據(jù)排除對方的懷疑或反對，使其心服口服。 persuade指通過講道理甚至乞求的辦法使人相信，主要強調(diào)從感情上打動對方，使對方付諸行動。 You need to convince them that you are eager for the job. 你要使他們相信你渴望得到那份工作。 Try to persuade your friend to come. 盡量勸你朋友過來。,4. oppose v.反對；使相對，使對抗。作“反對”講時，其近義詞為object，反義詞為support。 He became angry when we opposed his suggestion. 當我們反對他的建議時，他生氣了。 The residents strongly opposed building the plan of new airport.當?shù)鼐用駨娏曳磳π藿ㄐ聶C場的計劃。 常用結(jié)構: oppose (doing) sth.反對（做）某事 oppose A to B使A與B對抗,聯(lián)想拓展,opposed adj. 對立的;相反的 be opposed to (doing) sth.=be against doing sth. 反對（做）某事 Then many people in the world were opposed to Americans attacking Iraq. 當時世界上許多人反對美國攻打伊拉克。,5. resist v. 反抗，抵制。后面可跟名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式作賓語。 耐得住……;不受……影響。常與情態(tài)動詞can’t/couldn’t連用，表示“禁不住”。 常用結(jié)構： resist enemy 抵抗敵人 resist temptation 抵抗誘惑 resist doing sth. 抵制做某事 We should build up our body in order to resist diseases. 為了抵制疾病，我們應增強體質(zhì)。 The child can never resist eating an ice cream. 這個小孩看到冰淇淋總是想吃。,聯(lián)想拓展,resistance n.抵抗力 resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的 be resistant to 對……有抵抗力；耐……的 It is said that this kind of cotton can be resistant to pests. 據(jù)說這種棉花能夠抗蟲害。,重點短語,6. lie in 在于，位于。既可表示原因也可表示位置。 He lay in bed all day long.他整日臥床不起。 His success lies in his hardworking. 他的成功在于他的勤奮。,聯(lián)想拓展,lie in bed 臥床 tell a lie/lies 說謊 lie on ones back/side/stomach 仰臥/側(cè)臥/俯臥 white lies 善意的謊言 black lies 惡意的謊言 lie to sb. 向某人說謊,易混辨析,lay / lie,The boy lying in the grass lied to us that his cock had laid an egg. 躺在草地里的那個男孩向我們?nèi)鲋e說他的公雞下了個蛋。,7. let sb. down 使某人失望;放下 That he failed to pass the exam let himself down. 沒有通過測驗讓他自己很失望。 He let the box down.他把箱子放下來。,聯(lián)想拓展,let alone更不用說;聽任 let sb./sth. alone不管；不碰 let go放開；放手 let loose釋放 let out發(fā)出（叫聲）；泄露（秘密） let sb. have it（美俚）讓某人吃苦頭 let in放進……;欺騙；漏（水、雨） let fly發(fā)射 The baby can’t even walk, let alone run. 那個嬰兒連走都不會，更不用說跑了。 Don’t let go the handle. 別放開把手。,8. get down to 意為“開始做;著手做”，to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞、v.ing形式或what從句。它的近義短語常見的有：set about doing sth.;set out to do sth.等。 The boy got down to writing a composition.這個男孩開始寫作文。,聯(lián)想拓展,與介詞to搭配構成的短語有： get accustomed to (doing)sth.習慣于（做）某事 look forward to (doing) sth.期望（做）某事 pay a visit to sth.拜訪；參觀 pay attention to (doing)sth.注意…… stick to堅持 see to負責；處理 devote .to .獻身于…… The day we look forward to has arrived today. 今天，我們期待的日子終于來到了。 We should pay much attention to developing our quality education. 我們應更加關注發(fā)展我們的素質(zhì)教育。,重點句型,9. You could say that there are as many varieties of English， or any other language for that matter, as there are speakers of it. 你可以說，有多少說話者，英語就有多少種，對其他的語言來說也是這樣。,as.as. 像……一樣，前一個as是副詞，后一個as是連詞，引導一個比較狀語從句，當用在否定句中時，前一個as也可以用so。 She doesn’t run as/so fast as she used to. 她不像以前跑得那么快了。,注意：as many as+數(shù)詞+復數(shù)名詞 as much as+數(shù)詞+不可數(shù)名詞 You may take as many books as I have. 你可以拿走我所有的書。 He spends half as much money on clothing as I do. 他花在衣服上的錢是我花在衣服上的錢的一半。,10. It is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. 據(jù)估計，到2050年，將有13億人會把英語當作第一或第二語言。 It is estimated that. 據(jù)估計……其中it是形式主語，代替后面的that從句，所以that從句為主語從句。,聯(lián)想拓展,常用的類似結(jié)構有： It is agreed that. 人們同意…… It is believed that. 人們相信…… It is known that. 眾所周知…… It is reported that. 據(jù)報道…… It is supposed that. 大家推測…… It is thought that. 大家認為…… It has been pointed out that. 已經(jīng)指出…… It has been found that. 已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)…… It is required that. 據(jù)要求…… It goes without saying that. 不言而喻……,了解詞的轉(zhuǎn)化可以更好地理解和更準確地把握句子的含義和閱讀的內(nèi)容，我們經(jīng)常見的有名詞用作動詞，動詞用作名詞，而下面是一些形容詞用作動詞，你能準確理解這些劃線詞在句子中的含義嗎？,1. The train slowed down to half its speed. 2. This is the chief way of narrowing the differences between teams. 3. The room gradually quieted down.,,,,4. Only thus can we better the life of the people. 5. He felt himself wronged. 6. They braved the bitter cold to complete the railway.,答案: 1. 放慢，減慢 2. 收縮，縮小，變窄 3. 平靜，安靜下來 4. 改善，變好，變得更好 5. 冤枉，委屈;誹謗 6. 完成，結(jié)束,,,,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,